1.1 population and economic development patterns Flashcards
what are some physical factors you can expand on in a exam setting that affect population distribution at the global scale?
landforms.
natural reason availability.
climate.
can you expand on landforms as a physical factor effecting population distribution on a global scale?
Areas with high population densities tend to be broad, flat plains in lowland areas such as the Netherlands and Bangladesh,
fertile river valleys (such the Mekong River in Vietnam, or the Nile River in Egypt),
or volcanic areas with rich soils.
Areas with low population densities tend to be steep, rugged mountains where soils are thin and air pressure is low (such as the Mountains of South America)
can you expand on natural reasorce avalablity as a physical factor affecting population distribution?
People are attracted to areas with major concentrations of minerals or energy resources, such as the Pittsburgh region of the USA, South Wales in the UK, and the Ruhr basin of Germany.
On the other hand, places with few natural resources may have quite high population densities as they manage to obtain resources from elsewhere, some examples being Japan and Taiwan.
Furthermore, some places with abundant natural resources may have sparse population densities, either because the resources can be obtained with very few people (such as oil in Saudi Arabia), or because the resources have not been developed (such as minerals in the Russian Far East).
can you expand on climate as a physical factor affecting population distribution?
People are attracted to temperate areas with adequate, evenly distributed rainfall and a lengthy growing season for crops (such as western Europe) and to monsoonal climates (such as south-east Asia).
On the other hand, people avoid areas with extreme climates, such as areas that are very dry (such as the Sahara Desert), very cold (such as northern Canada and Greenland), very wet with high humidity (such as the Amazon Basin), or which have irregular rainfall or long droughts (such as the Sahel region of Africa).
can you give some human factors that you can expand on affecting population distribution on a global scale?
political factors.
communications
agriculture
can you expand on political factors as a human factors effecting population distribution?
Areas can become more densely settled when governments decide to develop new areas (such as mining settlements in the Russian Far East), or create new cities such as Brasilia in Brazil,
Conversely, areas that do not receive adequate investment are often sparsely populated or become depopulated, examples being declining manufacturing areas in Eastern Europe.
Population densities can also become sparser over time due to political conflict, and some examples of this include Syria and Afghanistan.
can you expand on communication as a human factor affecting population distribution?
Areas where it is physically easy and financially viable to construct communications infrastructure, such as roads, railways and airports, attract people and therefore tend to have high population densities.
Examples of such areas include the United Kingdom, Singapore, Hong Kong,.
On the other hand, population density is sparse in areas where transport and communications are difficult, such as in mountainous areas (the Altiplano of Bolivia and the Tibetan Plateau of China), deserts (the Sahara Desert of Africa and densely forested areas (such as Siberia.
can you expand on agriculture as a human factor affecting population densities?
Areas which are productive for cropping or livestock raising tend to have high population densities, some examples being eastern China, northern India and eastern Europe.
Conversely, areas where farming is difficult, perhaps because of climate, landforms or soils, have sparse populations, with some examples being the Sahara Desert, northern Canada and the Tibetan Plateau.
where does one often find HICs?
Most high income countries are found in the Northern Hemisphere such as France and Canada. However, Chile is classified as a high income country, yet is located in the Southern Hemisphere.
where do you find LICs?
most low income countries are found in central Africa and Asia, such as Kenya and Nepal. However, an anomaly is Haiti because it is the only country in Central America that is classified as low income.
where ca you find MICs?
middle income countries are generally located in between the subtropics such as India and Brazil.
what is voluntary internal migration?
Voluntary internal migration: It refers to the movement of a population away from their home, from one part of the country. It occurs when people are free to move where they choose.
what is a mega-city?
Megacity: A city with more than 10 million inhabitants
what is a core?
Core: A more developed part of a country or of the world is known as a core
what is a periphery?
Periphery: A less developed part of a country or the world is known as a periphery
