Earth's Resources

Question 1

Aquifier

Answer 1

porous rock strata containing water

Question 2

Bauxite

Answer 2

aluminium ore

Question 3

Bioleaching

Answer 3

a method of extracting copper from low-grade ore involving bacteria that break the copper sulphate bonds, separating the copper and sulphate atom by atom

Question 4

Chalcopyrite

Answer 4

a low-grade copper ore, 0.27% copper

Question 5

Chlorination

Answer 5

where chlorine is added to kill bacteria

Question 6

Coagulants

Answer 6

bind contaminants together to remove them

Question 7

Coarse Filtering

Answer 7

removes more small items from water

Question 8

Desalination

Answer 8

where sodium chloride is removed from water to get potable water

Question 9

Displacement

Answer 9

method of extracting copper where malachite is reacted with sulphuric acid to produce copper sulphate, when copper is then extracted from the copper sulphate by displacement with scrap iron

Question 10

Effluent

Answer 10

liquid waste

Question 11

Eutrophication

Answer 11

where fertilisers that have been used for agricultural uses runs off into the rivers or sea, increasing the amount of algae, meaning algae covers the surface of the water and prevents oxygen or sunlight getting to other organisms in the water

Question 12

Filtration

Answer 12

where smaller objects are removed by sand

Question 13

Fine Filtering

Answer 13

removes very small items from water

Question 14

Finite Resources

Answer 14

resources such as coal, oil, natural gas and metals that will one day run out as they are being used quicker than they can be created

Question 15

Flouride

Answer 15

added to water to help strengthen teeth

Question 16

Fresh Water

Answer 16

water from rain that has collected in lakes, rivers or underground

Question 17

Grey Water

Answer 17

rain water that can be used for things such as toilets and recycled water

Question 18

Ground Water

Answer 18

rain water that collects underground

Question 19

High-Grade Ore

Answer 19

ore with lots of the desired metal

Question 20

Low-Grade Ore

Answer 20

ores with less than 1% of the desired metal

Question 21

Malachite

Answer 21

copper ore, copper carbonate

Question 22

Natural Resources

Answer 22

resources such as wool, cotton, linseed oil and wood that are found naturally-occurring

Question 23

Phytomining

Answer 23

a method of extracting copper from low-grade ore involving plants taking copper up from the soil so they are contained in the plant, burning the plant then leaves the copper as sa solid oxide in the ash, the copper and oxygen are then separated by electrolysis

Question 24

Potable Water

Answer 24

water that is safe to drink, but rarely pure, as it often has dissolved salts and some microbes in it

Question 25

Pure Water

Answer 25

water that contains only H2O

Question 26

Rain Water

Answer 26

water that dissolves from gasses in the air and falls to the ground

Question 27

Renewable Resources

Answer 27

resources such as biomass, solar and wind that are never going to run out

Question 28

Screening

Answer 28

where water is passed through a wire mesh, removing large items such as leaves and sticks

Question 29

Sedimentation

Answer 29

sands and sediments settle to the bottom of the tank and the top later of water is taken off

Question 30

Sewerage

Answer 30

pipes that sewage runs through

Question 31

Sludge

Answer 31

solid waste

Question 32

Smelting

Answer 32

where malachite is ground down and roasted and this requires a lot of energy as the temperatures needs to be very high and after smelting the copper needs to be purified by electrolysis as impure copper has very high resistance and will overheat; this is a reduction reaction

Question 33

Sterilisation

Answer 33

where compounds such as ozone, chlorine and UV light is added to water to kill microbes

Question 34

Synthetic Resources

Answer 34

resources such as nylon, polyvinylchloride, polyester and composites that are manmade

Question 35

Filtration

Answer 35

where smaller objects are removed by sand

Question 36

Wastewater

Answer 36

unsafe water that, if put back into the environment, may contain pollutants, organic matter, harmful microbes, pesticides, fertilisers and harmful chemicals

Question 37

Agricultural Wastewater

Answer 37

wastewater from farmland

Question 38

Industrial Wastewater

Answer 38

wastewater from factories

Question 39

Sewage

Answer 39

wastewater from households and businesses