Cellular Neurophysiology (long answers)

Question 1

What increases the speed of induction?

Question 2

Chemical synapse timing event

Question 3

synaptic modulation

Question 4

receptor tyrosine kinase

Answer 4

• a receptor which is associated with the tyrosine part of the protein which means that it can phosphorylate itself (not a GPCR’s)
• process occurs in the membrane
• a docking protein bangs into a secondary messenger and if activated then the receptor will phosphorylates the protein and then the multiple steps occur and trigger cells response

Question 5

Enzyme linked recptors

Answer 5

• inactive catalytic domain, they are inactive until a signaling molecule comes along which this signal binds this two and causes a confirmational change in the protein
  or
• signal molecule turns on an enzyme

Question 6

Enzyme linked receptor: tyrosine kinase-associated receptors

Answer 6

• budget version of tyrosine kinase
• we have a receptor via plug in, and a kinase which is not part of the protein
• JAk kinase: associated with receptors that is bound in membrane
• this kinase phosphorylates and turns on proteins, these proteins then leaves and releases cell responses

Question 7

Regulated Intramembrane proteolysis

Answer 7

• regulated by a chemical messenger of some form, it’s intramembrane which means int expands the membrane
• activated by proteolysis (breakdown of protein - causes the activation of particular receptor)
• sitting along the membrane then signaling molecule comes along, intracellular part then floats off freely (in cytosol)
• then we get translocation in the nucleus (turning on cell responses)

Question 8

Eicosanoid receptors

Answer 8

• localised receptors based on what triggers them
• they mediate our allergic responses, or inflammatory responses, important for blood clotting and other vascular action, important for maturation of foetuses and BIRTH (major role)
• similar to g protein Q (turns on phospholipase C) but different, this turns on phospholipase A which turns on phospholipids (stuff membrane is made of) and takes them to turn into arachidonic acid 9protmotes repair and growth of skeletal muscle tissue)