Failure to reach a settlement

Question 1

What dates was failure to reach a settlement?

Answer 1

1646-49

Question 2

What was the state of the Presbyterians?

Answer 2

• Still in majority in parliament
• Want a Parliamentarian church imposed.
• Wanted army disbanded.

Question 3

What was the state of the independents?

Answer 3

• Minority in Parliament, but growing in influence.
• Represent religious sects that are resistant to state church.

Question 4

What was the state of the army?

Answer 4

• Theoretically under authority of parliament, yet believe they should have more of a say as they won the war.
• Rank and file refused to be disbanded until arrears of pay had been met and they had a guarantee they wouldn’t be prosecuted from the war.

Question 5

What was the state of the Scots?

Answer 5

• Unhappy with Parliaments failure to impose Presbyterianism in accordance to solemn league and covenant.

Question 6

What did Charles want to do with these groups?

Answer 6

Play them against one another.

Question 7

When were the Newcastle propositions?

Answer 7

July 1646

Question 8

Who put forward the Newcastle propositions?

Answer 8

Parliament

Question 9

What would the Newcastle propositions have in interest for Charles?

Answer 9

Making peace and guaranteeing his safety.

Question 10

What did the Newcastle propositions want from Charles?

Answer 10

• A Presbyterian state church
• give up control of his armies to Parliament for 30 years
• dismiss ministers who had ill advised him.
• Strict laws against Catholics enforced

Question 11

How did Charles respond to the Newcastle propositions?

Answer 11

He ignored them, in hope that he would be saving time to make allies and relation between Parliament and Scots would deteriorate further.

Question 12

What did Charles present in 1647, May?

Answer 12

He wanted to win over the Presbyterians, so offered a modified version of the propositions.
Would allow a Presbyterian state church for three years.

Question 13

When was the ‘Heads of Proposals’?

Answer 13

August 1647

Question 14

Who were the ‘Heads of Proposals’ drafted by?

Answer 14

Henry Ireton

Question 15

Who were the ‘Heads of Proposals’ formally presented by?

Answer 15

Council of the army

Question 16

What did the main terms of the Heads of Proposals reflect?

Answer 16

The army’s wish to take things beyond the relation between monarch and parliament.

Question 17

What did the council promise Charles in return for the Heads of Proposals?

Answer 17

Restoring the royal families ‘honour and freedom’.

Question 18

What did the council require the King’s acceptance of in the ‘Heads of Proposals’?

Answer 18

• Parliament to be called every two years.
• control of navy and army to be in parliaments hands.
• bishops no longer have authority in civil matters.
• Act of Indemnity to be passed.

Question 19

What was Charles’ reaction to the Heads of Proposals?

Answer 19

He declined, thought it would require giving up power.

Question 20

When was the Engagement?

Answer 20

December, 1647.

Question 21

Who’s custody did Charles escape?

Answer 21

The armies

Question 22

Where did Charles flee to and when?

Answer 22

The Isle of Wight and November, 1647

Question 23

Who did Charles negotiate with?

Answer 23

The Scots

Question 24

What were the main terms of the engagement?

Answer 24

• Charles had to be restored to the position he had before breakdowns of negotiations with Parliament, 1642.
• In return, Charles promised to adopt Presbyterianism as the state religion and to suppress sectarianism.

Question 25

What happened when the army learnt of the engagement?

Answer 25

They cut off all negotiations with the King.

Question 26

What happened in May, 1648?

Answer 26

Westminster Parliament offered concessions, by proposing to re-open negotiations with King jointly with Scots on terms of Newcastle propositions. Terms rejected.