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AP Lang > The Inferno > Flashcards

The Inferno Flashcards

1
Q

Why is Virgil so meaningful to Medieval readers?

A

He has special significance as a pre-Christian prophet, because of his fourth eclogue in which he discusses the birth of a potential savior of Rome. 

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2
Q

Why is the #3 significant to Dante?

A

Father, Son, Holy Ghost

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3
Q

How is the #3 relevant to the Divine Comedy?

A

The Divine comedy is the last in a poetic trilogy, its self is composed of three parts, and the verse is composed of 3 lines.

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4
Q

How is purgatory different from Hell?

A

Purgatory is temporary, hell is forever

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5
Q

What is Dante’s goal in his quest?

A

Dante is in a midlife crisis and hopes that by completing his quest he will be able to get out of it

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6
Q

What’s an allegory?

A

The discussion of one subject by disguising it as another.

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7
Q

What does Virgil symbolize?

A

Human reason

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8
Q

What does Beatrice symbolize?

A

Spiritual Purity; Love

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9
Q

What does the Sun symbolize?

A

Divine illumination

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10
Q

What does the #3 symbolize?

A

The Holy Trinity

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11
Q

What does Darkness symbolize?

A

World of Error (worldliness)

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12
Q

What does the Leopard symbolize?

A

Fraud or malice

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13
Q

What does the She-Wolf symbolize?

A

Avarice (extreme greed) or incontinence

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14
Q

What does the Lion symbolize?

A

Pride or violence

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15
Q

What does Hell symbolize?

A

Recognition of sin

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16
Q

What does Purgatory symbolize?

A

Renunciation of sin

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17
Q

What is the message of the allegory?

A

We must harden ourselves against sin. Avoiding sun and enhancing love are the only way to salvation.

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18
Q

What does Swooning symbolize?

A

Dante can’t handle hell

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19
Q

What do Stars symbolize?

A

Gods shining symbols of hope and virtue

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20
Q

What is a comedy in literature?

A

A genre that depicts amusing incidents, and in which the characters ultimately triumph over adversity (starts bad, ends good)

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21
Q

What is the time period of the Inferno and why’s that important?

A

It’s during the medieval period and that’s significance because Christianity was a huge part of their politics and literature and Dante countered some Christian ideas of Hell

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22
Q

How is the Medieval concept of fate/destiny different from the 3 Fates at their spinning wheel in Greek mythology?

A

Fortune is on guy, whereas the 3 fates are 3 guys

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23
Q

What human emotion is personified and said to have released the She-Wolf into the world?

A

Greed, gaunt, and craving

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24
Q

What is the purpose of Purgatory, and how are sinners cleansed?

A

It is to punish people for their sins and have them reflect on their sins. Sinners can be cleansed through fire.

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25
Q

Why can’t Virgil give Dante a tour of Heaven?

A

Virgil resides in Limbo because he doesn’t “know God”

26
Q

What 3 forces of god contribute to the construction of hell?

A

Divine omnipotence (all power), primordial love, and ultimate intellect.

27
Q

How do we know that no soul can leave Hell in the Inferno?

A

At the Gate of Hell the warning reads of “the way into eternal sorrow”

28
Q

Why are their parallels between the Inferno and the Aeneid?

A

Because the poet Virgil wrote the Aeneid and Dante was inspired by him and even wrote him into the Inferno

29
Q

How are the indifferent/opportunists punished?

A

They were naked and constantly being chased by wasps and bees. This is a fitting punishment, because the opportunists did nothing in life and now they are forced into action.
Also they have no names because they did nothing in life and are nobodies.

30
Q

What is the literal meaning of “pandemonium”?

A

Any place or scene of noise and wild disorder.

31
Q

In Canto 3, why is Charon told to “bite back his spleen”?

A

Charon was enraged at Dante wanting to be ferried but Virgil says this to tell him to not be angry because this has been willed. Spleen used to mean anger in Medieval Times.

32
Q

What are the two purposes of Dante’s fainting/swooning?

A
  1. It serves as a transition
  2. To show Dante’s emotional reaction to hell: at first sympathy
33
Q

What is symbolic retribution?

A

A punishment which symbolizes/reflects the crime committed

34
Q

How were the Carnal punished?

A

They are forever tossed around in the skies of hell just as they tossed themselves around on earth.

35
Q

What literary figures shows up in Canto 5?

A

Dido, Cleopatra, Hellen, and Achilles

36
Q

In Canto 5, what legendary figures supposedly inspired the couple Paolo and Francesca to commit adultery?

A

Lancelot

37
Q

What is a logical as well as symbolic reason that the lowest region of Hell is encased in ice?

A

Satan has six wings and blows, continuous cold air with them to try to escape the ice he’s frozen in so much that hell actually froze over. Symbolically it’s cold because they are the farthest from the light/God.

38
Q

What is antithesis?

A

The pairing of 2 contrasting ideas

39
Q

How is the purpose of the River Lethe different in Dante’s work as compared to the River Lethe in the Aeneid?

A

In the Aeneid souls drink from the river, Lethe to forget their past life before being reborn. Whereas in Dantes work, the river washes away souls’ sins from purgatory and flows them down to hell with draws all sins to itself.

40
Q

What rhetorical devices are prominent in the Inferno?

A

Alliteration, imagery, epic similes, personification, antithesis, and anaphora

41
Q

Who was Dante Alighieri?

A

He was very involved in Florentine politics in Florence, Italy~ the end result was that he was exiled from Florence, never to return.

42
Q

Who is Beatrice?

A
  • name means “she who blesses”
  • she was Dante’s muse and inspiration for the Divine Comedy
  • in the poem, he meets her at the top of the mountain of Purgatory
43
Q

What are the three parts of the Divine Comedy?

A

Inferno, Purgatorio, Paradiso

44
Q

When does the Inferno start and end?

A

It begins on Good Friday and ends on Easter Sunday

45
Q

What is the verse that Dante uses?

A

Terza rima

46
Q

How does Dante avenge himself on those responsible for his exile?

A

He writes the people who have wronged him into different levels of hell, so it his through his pen that he is avenged

47
Q

From where has Dante strayed? And where is Dante in Canto 1?

A

He has strayed from the True Way and is now in the Dark Wood of Error

48
Q

In Canto 1, after Dante sees the first light of the sunrise what does he set off to do?

A

Climb the Mount of Joy to get out of the dark place he’s in

49
Q

How old is Dante in the Inferno?

A

35

50
Q

What animal pushes Dante back into the forest?

A

The She-Wolf

51
Q

What are Dante’s circles of Hell (from least terrible to worst)?

A
  1. Limbo
  2. Lust
  3. Gluttony
  4. Greed
  5. Anger
  6. Heresy
  7. Violence
  8. Fraud
  9. Treachery
52
Q

Why are the Opportunists neither in hell nor out of it?

A

They took no side in the rebellion of the Angels or any war for that matter, therefore they are given no place

53
Q

Who does Dante recognize among the Opportunists?

A

Pope Celestine V

54
Q

Who sits at the entrance of circle 2 of hell?

A

Minos, the dread and semi-bestial judge of the damned who assigns to each soul it’s eternal torment

55
Q

What do both Charon and Minos do when they see Dante?

A

They tell him he can’t pass, but Virgil tells them that it is Dante’s fate and therefore they can’t mess with it

56
Q

Who killed Paolo and Francesca?

A

Giovanni, Francesca’s husband when he caught her having an affair

57
Q

What is the name of the ice region of hell?

A

Judecca

58
Q

Who is frozen under the ice with Satan?

A

The people who were Treacherous to their masters

59
Q

How many faces does Satan have? And in each mouth who does he chew on?

A

He has 3 faces. He continuously chews on Judas Iscariot (in the central mouth), Brutus, and Cassius

60
Q

How does Dante end each of the three divisions of the Divine Comedy and why?

A

He ends it with the word “stars” because they are a symbol of hope and virtue

AP Lang (18 decks)

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