1.3

Question 1

What does the plasma membrane do

Answer 1

It surrounds the cell and controls entry and exit of materials

Question 2

What describes the structure of the plasma membrane

Answer 2

Fluid mosaic

Question 3

What does the plasma membrane consist of

Answer 3

Phospholipids and proteins

Question 4

The head of the phospholipid is charged, which word describes it

Answer 4

Hydrophilic

Question 5

The tail of the phospholipid is uncharged and non polar, which word describes it?

Answer 5

Hydrophobic

Question 6

What word describes the constant change of position of the plasma membrane?

Answer 6

Fluid

Question 7

How are the phospholipids arranged?

Answer 7

Bilayer

Question 8

What type of functions are proteins used are for in the membrane

Answer 8

Active transport
Channel forming
Enzymes
Receptors
Attachment for cytoskeleton

Question 9

What two types of proteins are found in the plasma membrane

Answer 9

Peripheral and integral

Question 10

Where are integral proteins are found

Answer 10

Within the membrane

Question 11

What type of integral proteins span the entire width of the membrane

Answer 11

Transmembrane

Question 12

What do integral membrane proteins interact with

Answer 12

Hydrophobic region of phospholipids

Question 13

What holds the integral membrane proteins within the phospholipid bilayer?
WDL

Answer 13

Hydrophobic R groups allow strong hydrophobic interactions

Question 14

Where are peripheral proteins found

Answer 14

On the surface of the membrane

Question 15

What type of R groups do peripheral proteins have on the surface

Answer 15

Hydrophilic

Question 16

What type of bond interactions do the hydrophilic R groups on the surface are bound to the surface of membranes

Answer 16

Ionic and hydrogen bonds

Question 17

What two small molecules have the ability to diffuse straight through the membrane

Answer 17

carbon dioxide and oxygen

Question 18

What type of transport is facilitated diffusion

Answer 18

Passive

Question 19

Facilitated diffusion is passive transport of substances and across the membrane through what type of proteins?

Answer 19

Transmembrane

Question 20

What types of proteins are involved in transporting substances

Answer 20

Channel
Transporter
Pumps

Question 21

What are channel proteins

Answer 21

Multi-subunit proteins to make waterfilled pores that extend across the membrane and are selective

Question 22

How are ligand gated channels controlled

Answer 22

Binding of signal molecules

Question 23

How are voltage gated channels controlled

Answer 23

Changes within the ion concentration

Question 24

What are transporter proteins

Answer 24

They bind to a specific substance and has a conformational change to transfer solute across membrane (transport)

Question 25

How many sides are open for a transporter

Answer 25

1 out of 2

Question 26

What type of proteins are used by active transport

Answer 26

Pumps

Question 27

Why use pump proteins to transfer substances in active transport

Answer 27

So They can transport against their concentration gradient

Question 28

What are pumps

Answer 28

Transporter proteins with energy

Question 29

What is required for active transport to take place

Answer 29

Metabolic energy

Question 30

Why do some active transport proteins hydrolyse ATP directly

Answer 30

To provide energy for the conformational change to move substances across membrane

Question 31

What do ATPases hydrolyse

Answer 31

ATP

Question 32

What makes up the electrochemical gradient for a solute carrying charge

Answer 32

Concentration gradient and electrical potential difference

Question 33

What determines the transport of the solute

Answer 33

Electrochemical gradient

Question 34

How is a membrane potential created

Answer 34

Difference in electrical charge on two sides of membrane

Question 35

How does the sodium potassium pump get energy? and what is maintained?

Answer 35

Hydrolysis of ATP and maintain ion gradients

Question 36

Is sodium pumped in or out

Answer 36

Out

Question 37

Is potassium pumped in or out

Answer 37

In

Question 38

Explain steps of active transport

Answer 38

Pump has high affinity for Na ions in, phosphorylation by ATP, this changes conformation, affinity of Na ions decrease, Na ions release, K ions bind out side, dephosphorylation, conformation change , K ions into cell affinity returns

Question 39

How many sodium ions are pumped out

Answer 39

3

Question 40

How many potassium ions are pumped in

Answer 40

2

Question 41

What accounts for a large proportion of the basal metabolic rate in many animal organisms

Answer 41

SODIUM POTASSIUM PUMP

Question 42

What drives the active transport of glucose to in the small intestine

Answer 42

Sodium gradient created by the Sodium-potassium pump

Question 43

What did the sodium potassium pump make in the intestinal epithelial cells

Answer 43

Sodium ion gradient across the plasma membrane

Question 44

What does the glucose transporter do

Answer 44

Glucose symport transports sodium ions and glucose at the same time and in the same direction