1.3 Flashcards
(28 cards)
5 Kingdoms
animal plant fungus prokaryote protoctist
Features of all living organisms have
- cytoplasm
- cell membrane
- DNA as a genetic material
- ribosomes in the cytoplasm
- enzymes involved in respiration
Animal Kingdom
- Multicellular
- No cell walls present
- No chloroplasts
- Ingest solid food
- Digest internally
Plant Kingdom
- Multicellular
- Cell walls present; made of cellulose
- Chloroplasts present in many leaves and stems
- Make their own food by photosynthesis
Fungus Kindgom
- Cell walls present; contain chitin
- No chloroplasts
- Made of many hyphae
- Nuclei present
Prokaryote Kingdom
- Single celled
- Cell wall present
- No nucleus
Protoctist Kingdom
- Single celled
- Some have chloroplasts
- Nucleus present
Why are viruses aren’t considered to be living organisms?
- They don’t feed, respire, excrete or grow.
2. They lack cell membranes, cytoplasm and ribosomes.
Poikilothermic Organisms
- variable temperature
- their temperature depends on that of the surroundings.
- there isn’t any internal regulatory mechanism present.
Homeothermic Organisms
- constant temperature
- their temperatures are kept more or less constant
- internal regulatory mechanism present.
Cephalothorax
head fused with a thorax.
Arthropods
means ‘jointed limbs’
Invertebrates
Have a hard and firm an exoskeleton
Segmented bodies
Jointed limbs
Insects
Legs Body Division Antenna Eyes Wings Chelicerae
Legs - Three pairs of legs
Body Division - Body divided into head, thorax and abdomen.
Antenna - one pair
Eyes - one pair of compound eyes
Wings - usually two pairs of wings
Chelicerae - Not present
Arachnids
Legs Body Division Antenna Eyes Wings Chelicerae
Legs - four pairs of legs
Body division - cephalothorax and abdomen
Antenna - none
Eyes - several pairs of simple eyes
Wings - none
Chelicerae - present for biting and poisoning prey
Crustacea
Legs Body Division Antenna Eyes Wings Chelicerae
Legs - five or more pairs of legs
Body division - cephalothorax and abdomen
Antenna - two pairs of antenna
Eyes - one pair of compound eyes
Wings - none
Chelicerae - none
Myriapods
Legs Body Division Antenna Eyes Wings Chelicerae
Legs - 10 or more pairs of legs
Body division - body not divided into thorax and abdomen.
Antenna - one pair of antenna
Eyes - simple eyes
Wings - none
Chelicerae - none
Vertebrates
vertebral column present
Fish
Body covering Movement Reproduction Blood kind Breathing
Body covering - Scales
Movement - Fins
Reproduction - Produce jelly-covered eggs in water
Blood kind - poikilothermic
Breathing - gills
Mammals
Body covering Movement Reproduction Blood kind Breathing
Body covering - fur and hair
Movement - four limbs
Reproduction - produce live young
Blood kind - homeothermic
Breathing - lungs
They suckle their young
Amphibians
Body covering Movement Reproduction Blood kind Breathing
Body covering - moist skin
Movement - four limbs, webbed feet
Reproduction - Produce jelly-covered eggs in water
Blood kind - poikilothermic
Breathing - lungs and skin
Reptiles
Body covering Movement Reproduction Blood kind Breathing
Body covering - dry skin with scales
Movement - 4 legs apart from snakes
Reproduction - produce eggs with rubbery waterproof material and are laid on land
Blood kind - poikilothermic
Breathing - lungs
Bird
Body covering Movement Reproduction Blood kind Breathing
Body covering - feathers with scales on legs
Movement - two legs and two wings
Reproduction - produce eggs with a hard shell and laid on land
Blood kind - homeothermic
Breathing - lungs and beak
Bryophytes
no specialised conducting tissue
Vascular plants
well-developed xylem and phloem
