2.1

Question 1

Photomicrographs

Answer 1

Photographs taken through a microscope.

Question 2

Longitudinal Sections

Answer 2

sections cut along the length of a structure.

Question 3

Transverse Sections

Answer 3

sections cut across the structure.

Question 4

Sections are treated with dyes called -

Answer 4

stains

Question 5

Stains help sections appear -

Answer 5

clear.

Question 6

Cells come in different shapes and sizes but they all have these features present which are -

Answer 6

Cell membrane
Cytoplasm
Nucleus

Question 7

Organelle are -

Answer 7

the tiny organs present in cells.

Question 8

All Animal Cells have -

Answer 8

Cell membrane
Cytoplasm
Nucleus

Question 9

Animal cells never have -

Answer 9

Cell walls
Chloroplasts
Sap Vacuoles
(although animal cells do have temporary small vacuoles to store food)

Question 10

When some cells mature, they will lack -

Answer 10

cell parts.
e.g. red blood cells loose their nucleus
xylem cells loose their cytoplasm and nucleus

Question 11

Not all plant cells contain chloroplasts. give examples

Answer 11

epidermis cells and root hair cells

Question 12

Difference between chloroplasts and chlorophyll -

Answer 12

chlorophyll is the chemical found in structures called chloroplasts.

Question 13

Plant cells have -

state 6

Answer 13

Cell walls
Cell membrane
Cytoplasm 
Chloroplasts
Nucleus 
Sap vacuole

Question 14

Cytoplasm function

Answer 14

1. A site for chemical reactions.

2. Contains the organelles of a cell.

Question 15

Cell membrane function

Answer 15

1. Prevents the contents of a cell form escaping.

2. Controls the substances, which are allowed to enter or leave the cels.

Question 16

Nucleus function

Answer 16

1. controls cell development
2. controls cell division
3. controls cell activities
4. controls the type and quantity of enzymes produced by the cytoplasm.

Question 17

Why would a nucleus be shown darker than the cytoplasm under the microscope?

Answer 17

The nuclei in some cells take certain stains stronger.

Question 18

A nucleus determines what a cell will be.

Answer 18

True

Question 19

A cell without a nucleus cannot reproduce.

Answer 19

True

Question 20

Cell Walls are living

Answer 20

False

Question 21

Cell walls function

Answer 21

1. prevents plant cells from bursting.

2. freely permeable - it allows water and salts to pass through.

Question 22

Sap vacuole function

Answer 22

1. contains salts and sugars.

2. keeps plant cells firm.

Question 23

Chloroplast function

Answer 23

1. traps light energy for photosynthesis

Question 24

Almost all cells have mitochondria and rough endoplasmic reticulum except -

Answer 24

Prokaryotes

Question 25

Mitochondria function

Answer 25

1. aerobic respiration occurs in mitochondria.

Question 26

Singular for mitochondria

Answer 26

Mitochondrion

Question 27

Plural for nucleus

Answer 27

Nuclei

Question 28

Cells with high rates of metabolism like liver cells for example, require large amounts of what and why?

Answer 28

Mitochondria and to provide sufficient energy.

Question 29

Ribosomes function

Answer 29

1. protein synthesis from amino acids

Question 30

Endoplasmic Reticulum function

Answer 30

1. produces proteins 2. transports proteins 3. stores proteins

Question 31

Ribosomes can be found -

Answer 31

They can be found free in the cytoplasm or bound to the endoplasmic reticulum.