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? Organic Chemistry > 13. Aldehydes & Ketones > Flashcards

13. Aldehydes & Ketones Flashcards

1
Q

what group do aldehydes and ketones have

A

C=O

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2
Q

what is the suffix for aldehydes

A

-al

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3
Q

what is the suffix for ketones

A

-one

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4
Q

what is formaldehyde

A

one C aldehyde

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5
Q

what is acetaldehyde

A

aldehyde with 2C

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6
Q

what is acetone

A

3 C

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7
Q

how can aldehydes be formed from primary alcohols

A

strong oxidation agent such as pyridinium chlorochromate (PCC)

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8
Q

how can aldehydes be formed via ozonolysis

A

cleave aldehyde if either carbon is attached to a H atom

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9
Q

what is required for aldehyde formation from ozonolysis

A

O3 with DMS

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10
Q

how can ketones be formed from secondary alcohols

A

oxidising agent

Na2Cr2O7 with H2SO4 and H2O

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11
Q

how can ketones be formed from ozonolysis

A

tetrasubstituted alkenes cleaved to form ketones

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12
Q

what is friedel crafts acylation

A

aromatic rings react with acyl halide in presence of lewis acid to produce aryl ketone

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13
Q

aldehydes with oxidize easier/harder than ketones

A

easier

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14
Q

will aldehydes or ketones undergo nucleophilic addition easier

A

aldyhydes

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15
Q

how do aldehydes form hemiacetals

A

dissolved in primary alcohol

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16
Q

how will ketones form hemiketals

A

dissolved in primary alcohol

17
Q

how will hemiacetal or hemiketals form acetals and ketals

A

in presence of acid catalyst

18
Q

what is formed when aldehydes or ketones are reacted with a primary amine

A

imine

carbonyl group is replaced with C=N-R group in the aldehyde/ketone

19
Q

if an aldehyde reacts with a secondary amine what is formed

A

enamine

20
Q

how does you form alcohols from aldehydes or ketones

A

treat with hydride reducing agents (eg lithium aluminum hydride/LAH or NaBH4)

21
Q

what happens when aldehydes and ketones are treated with a grignard reagent

A

converted into alcohols and forms new C-C bond

? Organic Chemistry (16 decks)

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