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Fashion & Textiles > 1.3 Methods of Joining and Use of Components > Flashcards

1.3 Methods of Joining and Use of Components Flashcards

(76 cards)

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1
Q

What will a good seam be?

A
  • Strong and durable
  • Smooth and even
  • Accurately sewn
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2
Q

What are the 4 main types of seam?

A
  • Plain/open seam
  • French seam
  • Fell/double machined seam
  • Lapped seam
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3
Q

What are the main characteristics of a plain seam?

A
  • Needs edge finishing to stop fraying
  • Simple and quick
  • Most commonly used
  • Strong
  • Not visible on right side
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4
Q

What are the uses of a plain seam?

A
  • Suitable for all normal weight fabrics
  • Used in most garments, household textiles and sporting goods
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5
Q

What are the characteristics of french seam?

A
  • Self finishing as all raw edges are enclosed
  • More challenging and time consuming
  • Strong
  • Can be bulky
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6
Q

What are the uses of a french seam?

A
  • Used with delicate, fine, sheer fabrics that are prone to fraying such as chiffon and organza
  • Suitable for lightweight clothing, lingerie and children’s wear
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7
Q

What are the characteristics of a fell seam?

A
  • Self finishing as all raw edges are enclosed
  • Challenging and time consuming
  • Very strong and durable
  • Gives a decorative feature
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8
Q

What are the uses of a fell seam?

A

Used on products that have to withstand heavy wear and frequent washing such as shirts, jeans, trousers and overalls

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9
Q

What are the characteristics of a lapped seam?

A
  • Simple and quick
  • Flat, smooth finish
  • Gives a decorative effect
  • Strong
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10
Q

What are the uses of a lapped seam?

A

Typically used on bulky fabrics that do not fray such as heel e and artificial leather

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11
Q

What do edge finishes give?

A

A neat appearance and prevent fraying, helping to increase the life of a product

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12
Q

What do edge finishing techniques include?

A
  • Edge stitching
  • Overlocking
  • Pinking
  • Binding
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13
Q

What should be avoided for knitted fabric?

A

Stretching the fabric when pinning and cutting out

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14
Q

What stitch should be used on knitted fabric?

A

A stretch stitch with a polyester thread as it is strong and has some give

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15
Q

What needle should be used when knitted fabric?

A

A ballpoint needle to prevent snagging, using interfacing will also strengthen and stop snagging

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16
Q

What stitch should be used on stretch fabrics?

A

A stretch stitch with polyester sewing thread enables seams and hems to stretch with the fabric

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17
Q

What needle should be used on stretch fabrics?

A

A fine ballpoint needle to prevent snagging

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18
Q

What interfacing should be used on stretch fabrics?

A

Stretch interfacing to maintain stretch but increase stability

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19
Q

What layout is needed for checked and patterned fabrics?

A

A nap layout to achieve symmetry and overall continuity of the pattern across seams, pockets, darts and facings

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20
Q

What should happen at the sewing line and not the cutting line of checked and patterned fabrics?

A

Match, pin and tack seams

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21
Q

How do checked and patterned fabrics need to be cut?

A

On the bias to solve matching problems

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22
Q

What layout do directional fabrics need?

A

A nap layout to avoid pattern and shape variations in the finished product

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23
Q

What needles need to be used on directional fabrics?

A

Fine, sharp needles to prevent snagging, by finish seam edges as early as possible also prevents fraying

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24
Q

Where should directional fabrics been pinned?

A

In the seam allowance to toe th directional fabrics being marked

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25
What needs to happen to sheet fabrics?
Sandwich the fabric in tissue paper to prevent sliding or mangling when sewn
26
What do you need to work with for sheer fabric?
Fine pins, sharp needles and scissor do avoid snagging
27
Where should sheer fabric be pinned?
In the seam allowance and use narrow self finishing french seams
28
What does the fabric need to be when using sheer fabrics?
Keep on taut when sewing do prevent puckering, th same fabric should be sheer to strength areas
29
What are polyester fibres?
The most used to make purpose sewing threads
30
What are some characteristics of polyester fibres?
- Strong - Degree of give, so they are good with stretch fabrics - Do not shrink - Resistant to rot
31
What are specialist threads?
Buttonhole thread is a thicker thread made from polyester or silk, and it is used for handstitched buttonholes, setting on buttons and top stitching.
32
What are the 2 embroidery threads?
- Stranded embroidery cotton thread - Machine embroidery thread
33
What are metallic threads?
Can because spun by loosely wrapping fine yarn around very fine strips of metal laminated between clear synthetic film
34
What are metallic effect threads?
Appear to be made out of metal but synthetic fibres are used to give highly lustrous 3-D effects
35
What are glow in the dark threads?
Made from coated polyester, impregnated with a phosphorescent pigment. The thread is charged by exposure to bright light and will glow in the dark.
36
What are multi coloured of variegated threads?
Have a repeat of multicoloured dye pattern running throughout
37
What is bondaweb?
A commercially available fusible fleece fabric. It is a soft, double sided adhesive web that is attached to transfer paper
38
What are zips?
Secure fastenings but if they break they are hard to repair and the product may become unusable
39
What are poppers used for?
To fasten an opening where a smooth flat closure is desired
40
What happens if a popper breaks?
It is impossible to replace as a home is left in the fabric
41
What are clips used on?
Luggage and sporting equipment applications
42
What are buckles used to do?
Fasten narrow products such as belts or bag straps
43
What are clasps?
Made out of metal or plastic and are used in a range of products including bags, coats and swimwear
44
What are some characteristics of velcro?
- Durable - Virtually unbreakable - Easy care
45
What are d-rings used for?
To alter the length of bag straps and belts
46
Why are d-rings not very secure?
They rely on friction between the strap and rings to stay in place
47
What are books and eyes used on?
- Bras - Top of some dresses - Trousers
48
What are fabric and ribbon ties?
Decorative fastenings which are not very secure but are cheap and easy to use
49
What are trims?
Decorative components that add interest and finishing touches to products
50
What are the characteristics of braids?
- Long and narrow - Cords are circular braided materials - Complex structures formed by plaiting or weaving braids
51
What are the uses of braids?
- Decorative edge trims sewn onto garments or craft projects - Formal garments and dress uniforms
52
What are the characteristics of ribbon?
- Woven with fine warp yarns with a high warp density - Long edges are finished but the cut short edge frays - Made from polyester and silk
53
What are the uses of ribbon?
Used as tie fastenings or as a decorative trim on the edges of clothing or furnishings
54
What are the characteristics of piping?
- Strip of bias cut fabric - Made from cotton or polyester fibres - Fine cord used for garments and thicker cord is used for soft furnishings
55
What are the uses of piping?
- Used to define style lines in garments - Strengthens areas vulnerable to abrasion in soft furnishings
56
What are the characteristics of edging?
Come with finished edges
57
What are the uses of edging?
Decorative edge grins sewn onto finished products
58
What are the characteristics of bindings?
- Strips of fabric diagonally fit across the cross or bias grain - Bias binding can stretch and follow curves without creasing
59
What are the uses of bindings?
Used to edge textile products or cover the raw edge turnings of plain seams
60
What are the characteristics of fringing?
- Decorative border - Looped threads, cords, beads or tassels attached to separate braid - Narrow strips of material
61
What are the uses of fringing?
- Used as edging for interior products such as cushions and curtains - Used as ornamental trims on flags and uniforms, fashion garments, dance and period costumes
62
What are the characteristics of lace?
- Made from cotton, polyester, rayon or silk - Sewn onto edges to hide hems or appliquéd onto surfaces - Delicate weblike patterns that snag easily
63
What are the uses of lace?
Used on special occasion wear, wedding dresses, lingerie, table linen and trimming in children’s socks
64
What are the characteristics of beads?
- Add lustre and texture - Machined or hand sewn into fabrics
65
What are the uses of beads?
- To emphasise style lines - Create patterns on products
66
What are the characteristics of diamantés?
- Glued onto fabric or they come with pre glued base
67
What are the uses of diamantés?
Used on special occasion wear, belts, shoes and children’s clothing
68
What are some examples of e-components?
- Wearable sensors that monitor temperature, moisture and medical devices - Integrated communication systems - Sound effects
69
What are the characteristics of interfacings?
- An extra layer of fabric used under or between the out layers - Comes in different weights and colours - Applied before garment construction begins
70
What are the uses of interfacing?
Helps to: - Give a crisp shape - Strengthens fabric to support fastenings - Stop fabric from stretching - Stabalise fabric for embroidery
71
What are the characteristics of underlinings?
- Cut to same shape and size as outer layer - Sewn to wrong side and treated as one layer - Fabric lightweight and have same aftercare
72
What are the uses of underlinings?
Helps to: - Maintain shape without stiffening it - Support seam in loose weave fabrics - Provide opacity to sheer and lace fabrics making them less see through
73
What are the characteristics of linings?
- Constructed separately and attached at facing or hem areas - Can be fully or partially lined - Same care requirements
74
What are the uses of linings?
Helps to: - Make inside more attractive - Cover and protect internal construction - Warmer and more comfortable - Hangs well - Protect outer fabric
75
What are the characteristics of interlinings?
- Fabric layer added to a garment - Soft and lightweight - Sew in as one with the lining
76
What are the uses of interlinings?
Helps to: - Warmer/ better insulators - Add body to a garment and improve its drape

Fashion & Textiles (24 decks)

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