Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

PSL301 > Renal: Compartments > Flashcards

Renal: Compartments Flashcards

1
Q

humans are X% water

A

50-60% water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

water in fat vs water in muscle

A

more in muscle, less in fat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

water ratio in women vs men

A

women have more fat, so less water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

water ratio in older vs younger

A

older ppl have more fat, so less water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what ratio in chronic illness vs healthy

A

chronic has less muscle, so less water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what happens to male / female water content as age increase

A

as age goes up, you have less water (more fat) – but, the change for men is less drastic than the change in women

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

where are the three spots that water is located in the body

A

intracellular, extracellular (interstitial and intravascular)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

of all the total body fluid how much is ICF? ECF? interstitial? plasma?

A

2/3 is ICf. 1/3 is ECF. of ecf, 75 - 80 % is interstir, 20 - 25% is plasma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what is the role of aquaporins

A

an integral membrane protein that lets water move across plasma membranes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

how many aquaporins are in humans

A

ten types

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

how many types of aquaporins are in the proximal collecting tubule

A

five types

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

how many aquaprins in the red blood cell

A

2X10^5 copies per call, allowing for bidirectional movement of water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what is a solute vs an ion

A

ion is a charged solute (particle dissolved in water)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what is osmolality

A

the conc of solute in water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what kind of solution has higher osmolality?

A

a hypertonic solution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what regulates the movement of water

A

the osmostic pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what is osmotic pressure

A

the osmolality difference between two solutions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what is osmotic force

A

the movement of water across a semi perm membrane, in response to the osmotic gradient

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what is the osmotic gradient

A

the difference is osmolarity in two compartments

20
Q

explain why ecf has more water wrt osmotic gradients

A

the ecf has less solute, so is hypertonic, so more water can move out of it so that the osmolality of both sides (ecf and icf) can equalize

21
Q

t/f: osmolality is the same in each fluid comp

A

yes! the overall concentration of any solute:water is the same

22
Q

t/f: solute conc is the same in all fluid comp

A

NO the actual SOLUTES are different (ie the same solute isnt in each compartment)

23
Q

where is na primarily found

A

outside of the cell, in the plasma and interstitium

24
Q

where is k primarily found

A

mostly inside the cell

25
Q

where is cl primarily found

A

mostly outside the cell, but conc still isnt as much as na

26
Q

where is hco3 primarily found

A

mostly outside, but way less than na

27
Q

where are large anions and proteins found

A

inside the cell. note that cell is at osmotic eq, but not chemical eq

28
Q

what does the na - k pump maintain

A

maintains the difference in the solute concentrations

29
Q

what does the na k atpase do

A

makes sure that intracell has high k, and extracell has high na.
pumps 3 na out, 2 k in, uses one atp

30
Q

what is ouabin

A

an inhibitor of the nakatpase

31
Q

what is digoxin

A

an inhibitor of nakatpase

32
Q

why does water cross cell membranes

A

because solutes are restricted, so to create quillibrium in conc, water has to cross

33
Q

where is anionic sodium restricted to

A

the ECF

34
Q

what happens when you drink water (wrt ecf)

A

absorbed from gut into the ecf. ecf conc goes down. water then moves from ecf to icf. overall both ecf and icf vol increase

35
Q

what is a hypotonic solution vs hypertonic solution

A

hypo is less conc. hyper is more conc. water will move to hypertonic sols to equalize

36
Q

what happens when you eat salt (wrt ecf)

A

salt will stay in the ecf, causing its osmo to go up. so icf water has to leave to equalize, and cells shrink

37
Q

what determines water movement between interstitial fliud and blood

A

the leaky exchange epithelium

38
Q

what are starling forces

A

the forces that determine the movement of fliud between capillaries and interstit

39
Q

what does hydrostatic pressure favour

A

pushes water from plasma into interstit

40
Q

what does oncotic pressure favour

A

generated by albumin, keeps water inside blood vessels

41
Q

where is albumin conc the highest

A

the plasma

42
Q

what is fluid flux

A

permeability x (hydrostatic pressure grad- oncotic pressure grad)

43
Q

how is hydrostatic pressure generated

A

generated by heart pumping

44
Q

hydrostatic pressure wants fluid to move in which direction? oncotic pressure?

A

hstatic: out of caps. ocotic: into caps

45
Q

where is movement regulated by gradients? by starling forces?

A

PSL301 (32 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions