Practice Flashcards
which of the following statements regarding the tests and their products is CORRECT?
a) sertoli cells secrete teestosterone
b) testosterone inhibits the secretion of gonadotropins (LH and FSH) by negative feedback regulation
c) leydig cells form the blood testis barrier to prevent free diffusion of water-soluble substances between the seminiferous tubules and directly give rise to the developing sperm
d)myoid cells line the seminiferous tubules and directly give rise to the developing sperm
b) testosterone inhibits the secretion of gonadotropins (LH and FSH) by negative feedback regulation
-leydig cells produce T
-sertoli cells form the blood testis barrier
-myoid cells are muscular cells that propel sperm down the tract
approximately how long does it take for a spematocyte to complete its differentiation into a spermatozoon in the seminiferous tubules?
40-70 days
the longest period of sperm transport and storage (approx 7 days) occurs in the:
tail of the epididymis
-head and body each only ~1 day; sperm not stored urethra
the correct order of male reproductive tract structures encountered by migrating sperm cells is:
rete testis - epididymis - vas deferens - urethra
you perform a breeding soundness evaluation on a 4YO simmental bull. The history includes a recent severe case of pneumonia with a high fever, from which the animal recovered. Your findings are: 1. good bcs, 2. scrotal circumference of 36cm, 3. sperm motility 35%, 4. sperm morphology 25% normal. How long after the illness might it take for this animal to return to normal fertility?
60 days
administration of phenothiazine tranquilizers to gelding and stallions may be associated with the development of which condition:
priapism and penile paralysis
the location of the tail of epididymis relative to the testis in the stallion is:
caudal
on evaluation of a fresh semen sample collected from a stallion you find 5% total motility, 10% progressive motility, 90% loose heads, and 10% morphologically normal spermatozoa. Which of the following is the MOST likely cause of these findings?
a) testicular disease
b) benign prostatic hypertrophy
c) poor semen handling
d) ampullary obstruction
d) ampullary obstruction
*ampullary obstruction: complete > azoospermia; partial > large # of detached heads; if dog, remember no ampulla, so likely testicular disease)
you examine a sample of fresh semen from a 2YO hereford bill that shows excellent gross motility. This is because of:
a) high sperm concentration
b) high percentage of progressively motile sperm cells
c) high sperm velocity
d) all of the above
d) all of the above
which is the most accurate description for the morphology of the sperm pictured below. [picture of sperm with obvious distal droplet]
distal droplet….
you have collected semen from a bull on a farm in january for a breeding soundness evaluation. upon examination you note 0% progressive motility in the sample but 89% of the sperm are morphologically normal. Which of the following is NOT a likely cause of the problem?
a) previous testicular insult resulting in impaired spermatogenesis
b) semen sample was contaminated with soap left in the collection cone
c) artificial vagina had a small leak resulting in some water in the sample
d) you could shocked the semen sample before analyzing motility
a) previous testicular insult resulting in impaired spermatogenesis
*if no motility but morphologically normal, cause is iatrogenic not due to the animal
you are called to examine a stallion whose penis has been kicked by a non-receptive mare. you find a swollen, enlarged penis which the stallion in unable to retract into the prepuce. You diagnose the stallion with this condition:
a) priapism
b) phimosis
c) phimosis
d) paraphimosis
d) paraphimosis
A 6YO sexually intact male german shepherd dog is presented to you. The owners complain that the dog keeps lifting his leg to urinate but no urine comes out. At presentation, the poor dog’s abdomen is so distended that he looks heavily pregnant. A physical exam reveals an extremely full bladder which you subsequently catheterize easily and drain. This permits you to palpate a large prostate but no other abnormalities on physical exam. The MOST UNLIKELY type of prostatic disease in this case is:
a) prostatic adenocarcinoma
b) benign prostatic hyperplasia/hypertrophy
c) prostatic abscess
d) transitional cell carcinoma
b) benign prostatic hyperplasia/hypertrophy
*if benign, should see no signs
A 2YO saint bernard bitch was taken to the stud today for breeding but the stud was not at all interested in breeding her. He is 3YO and has sired 3 large litters, all from natural breedings in the last 4 months. You examine the bitch and find the following: a vaginal smear with lots of bacteria, PMNs, parabasals, intermediate cells, occasional angular cells, some anuclear, elevated serum progesterone, flagging somewhat, no obvious vaginal discharge, a large soft vulva. You examine the male and find no abnormalities. The most likley reason for the stud’s disinterest is that:
a) he is too exhausted from the high number of breedings that he has been doing recently
b) he knows that the bitch’s odour that she is going out of heat and will not waste his effort
c) he knows from the bitch’s odour that she is not ready yet and will not waste his effort
d) he knows from the bitch’s odour that she has a vaginal infection and will not waste his effort
b) he knows that the bitch’s odour that she is going out of heat and will not waste his effort
The owners of a sexually intact male 7YO german shepherd dog bring him to your clinic complaining that the dog has had a bloody preputial discharge for the last 3 days. A clinical exam reveals an apparently healthy dog with no lesions on the penis. The next step in your work up is to collect semen and:
a)see blood in only the third fraction verifying prostatic adenocarcinoma
b) see blood in all 3 fractions indicating that the dog likely has prostatic disease
c) see blood in all 3 fractions meaning that the dog has a prostatic abscess
d) see blood in only the second fraction meaning that the dog likely has benign prostatic hypertrophy/hyperplasia
b) see blood in all 3 fractions indicating that the dog likely has prostatic disease
