Math Flashcards
Integer
Positive or negative whole number. No fractions or decimals
Prime
Whole number greater than 1 that can only be evenly divided by 1 or itself
Composite #
whole number greater than 1 that has more than 2 factors
Rational number
includes al integers, decimals, and fractions. Any terminating or repeating number is a rational number
Irrational
can’t be written as decimals because number of decimal places is infinite. Ex) pi
Thousands
1000
Thousandths
0.001
Prime factor
Also a prime number. Ex) prime factor of 12 are 2 and 3
Greatest common factor
largest number that’s a factor of 2 or more numbers
Least common multiple
smallest number that a multiple of two or more numbers. Ex) LCM for 3 and 5 is 15
a^1
a
1^n
1
a^n * a^m
a^(n+m)
a^n/a^m
a^(n-m)
(a^n)^m
a^(n*m)
(a*b)^n
(a/b)^n
a^n * b^n
a^n / b^n
a^-n
1/(a^n)
if a = sqrt(b)
a*a=b
Perfect square
a number that has an integer for its square root
ex)1, 4, 9, 16, 25…
undefined fraction
has denominator of zero
proper fraction
have denominator that’s greater than numerator
Percentage Equation
P = w*%
Part = whole * percentage
decimals to fractions
0.24 = 0.24/1 *(100/100) = 24/100 = 6/25
rational
number is rational if it can be represented by a fraction a/b where a and b are integers and b doesn’t equal zero
constant of proportionality
K = y/x
y=kx
unit rate
expresses quantity of one thing in terms of one unit of another. Denominator of unit rate is ALWAYS 1
ex) you travel 30 miles every 2 hours
unit rate = 15 mi/1 hour
slope
m=(y2-y1)/(x2-x1) or rise/run
where x1 cannot equal x2
positive = upward slope
negative = downward slope
single variable linear expression
sum of a single variable term and a constant
ex) 2w+7
Ax+By=C
slope = -A/B ; y intercept is C/B
y=mx+b
m=slope ; b is y intercept
point-slope
y-y1=m(x-x1)
m=slope
(x1,y1) = point
(y-y1)/(x-x1) = (y2-y)/(x2-x1)
(x,y) = are points
x-x1 + y/y1 = 1 ; (x,0) is point of line intersecting x-axis
(0,y) is point where line intersects y axis
Inequalities
if you multiply or divide both sides of the inequality by a negative number, the inequality is flipped
(x,y)
(abscisssa, ordinate)
parallel lines
2 or more lines with equivalent slopes
perpendicular lines
2 or more lines with negative reciprocals (a/b + -b/a)
precision
how reliable and repeatable a measurement is
accuracy
how close data is to correct data
note: data can be precise without it being accurate
approximate error
amount of error in a physical measurement; measurement ± approx error
max possible error
half the magnitude of the smallest unit used in the measurement
ex) max possible error for 1 cm is ± 0.5 cm
rounding numbers
make sure all numbers are rounded to the same level
ex) cannot round one number to the nearest thousand and the other to the nearest hundred. Both must be one or the other
giga
one billion
1,000,000,000
mega
one million
1,000,000
kilo
one thousand
1000
deci
one tenth
0.1
centi
one hundreth
0.01
milli
one thousandth
0.001