Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

3.24 > Workshop: Arterial blood gasses > Flashcards

Workshop: Arterial blood gasses Flashcards

1
Q

What are the four acid base disorders?

A
  • Metabolic acidosis
  • Metabolic alkalosis
  • Respiratory acidosis
  • Respiratory alkalosis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What happens to the pH in metabolic acidosis?

A

Decreased

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What happens to the pH in metabolic alkalosis?

A

Increases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What happens to the pH in respiratory acidosis?

A

Decreases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What happens to the pH in respiratory alkalosis?

A

Increases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What happens to the hydrogen ion concentration in metabolic acidosis?

A

Increases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What happens to the hydrogen ion concentration in metabolic alkalosis?

A

Decreases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What happens to the hydrogen ion concentration in respiratory acidosis?

A

Increases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What happens to the hydrogen ion concentration in respiratory alkalosis?

A

Decrease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the primary disturbance of metabolic acidosis?

A

Decreased bicarbonate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the primary disturbance of metabolic alkalosis?

A

Increased bicarbonate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the primary disturbance of respiratory acidosis?

A

Increased partial pressure of carbon dioxide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the primary disturbance of respiratory alkalosis?

A

Decreased partial pressure of carbon dioxide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the secondary response of metabolic acidosis?

A

Decreased partial pressure of carbon dioxide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the secondary response of metabolic alkalosis?

A

Increased partial pressure of carbon dioxide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the secondary response of respiratory acidosis?

A

Increased bicarbonate

16
Q

What is the secondary response of respiratory alkalosis?

A

Decreased bicarbonate

17
Q

What are metabolic problems?

A

Problems in your body/ blood stream

18
Q

What pH does acids occur at?

A

Below 7.4

19
Q

What causes respiratory acidosis?

A
  • Hyperventilation
  • Airway obstruction
  • Mechanical ventilation
  • Neauromascular disease
  • Pulmonary edema
  • Drug overdose: opiates
  • Weakness of respiratory muscles
20
Q

What causes metabolic acidosis?

A
  • Diabteic ketoacidosis
  • Shock
  • Severe diarrhea
  • Renal failure
  • Salicylate overdose
  • Iron tablets
  • Isoniazid
  • Phenformin
  • Paraldehyde
  • Methanol
  • Metformin
  • Ethylene glycol
  • Uremia
  • Lactic acidosis
21
Q

At what pH does alkalosis occur?

A

Above pH 7.4

22
Q

What causes respiratory alkalosis?

A
  • Anxiety
  • High altitudes
  • Pregnancy
  • Fever
  • Hypoxia
  • Initial stages of pulmonary emboli
  • Hyperventilation
23
Q

What causes metabolic alkalosis?

A
  • Loss of gastric juices
  • Potassium wasting diuretics
  • Overuse of antacids
  • Vomitting
  • Aldosterone
24
Q

When does respiratory failure occur?

A

When PaO2 < 8 kPa

25
Q

What is type 1 respiratory failure?

A

Hypoxaemia but not hypercapnia:
(Oxygen not getting in)
Oxygen therapy and treat precipitating cause

26
Q

What is type 2 respiratory failure?

A
  • Hypoxaemia WITH hypercapnia:
    (Oxygen not getting in, CO2 not getting out)
  • Low oxygen therapy and monitor frequently.
  • CO2 sensitivity may be decreased and respiratory drive dependent on low oxygen levels
27
Q

What are the symptoms of metabolic acidosis?

A
  • Headache
  • Decreased BP
  • Hyperkalemia
  • Muscle twitching
  • Warm, flushed skin
  • Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea
  • Kassmaul respirations (compensatory hyperventilation)
28
Q

What are the symptoms of respiratory acidosis?

A
  • Hypoventilation
  • Hypoxia
  • Rapid, shallow respirations
  • Decrease blood pressure with vasodilation
  • Dyspnea
  • Headache
  • Hyperkalemia
  • Dysrhythmias
  • Drowsiness
  • Dizziness
  • Disorientation
  • Muscle weakness
  • Hyperreflexia
29
Q

What are the symptoms of respiratory alkalosis?

A
  • Seizures
  • Deep, rapid breathing
  • Hyperventilation
  • Tachycardia
  • Decrease or normal blood pressure
  • Hypokalemia
  • Numbness and tingling of extremeties
  • Lethargy and confusion
  • Light headed
  • Nausea/ vomiting
30
Q

What are the symptoms of metabolic alkalosis?

A
  • Restlessness followed by lethargy
  • Dysrhthimias (tachycardia)
  • Compensatory hypoventilation
  • Confusion
  • Nausea/ vomiting/ diarrhea
  • Tremors, muscle cramps, tingling of fingers and toes
  • Hypokalemia

3.24 (28 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions