Chapter 2 | Properties of Water

Question 1

one of the most important things
on earth.

Answer 1

Water

Question 2

Without water, there could be
no traces of life on earth because both
__________and ____________
depend on the availability of water.

Answer 2

photosynthesis; animal metabolism

Question 3

___________properties of water not
only return the water from the
atmosphere but also affect the
concentration and composition of the
remaining water and thus its sustainability
to the biota.

Answer 3

evaporative

Question 4

In return, the water that returns to the
atmosphere has a major effect on the
climate by its effect on _____________

Answer 4

atmospheric heat transfer

Question 5

It also determine the time lags
exhibited in heating and cooling that affect
the stratification of lakes.

Answer 5

physical characteristics of water

Question 6

responsible for the existence of aquatic
systems

Answer 6

physical characteristics of water

Question 7

a simple molecule composed of
two positively charged hydrogen atoms
and a negatively charged oxygen atom that
are covalently bonded.

Answer 7

Water

Question 8

Molecules of the water

Answer 8

two positively charged hydrogen atoms
and a negatively charged oxygen atom that
are covalently bonded.

Question 8

Molecules of the water

Answer 8

two positively charged hydrogen atoms
and a negatively charged oxygen atom that
are covalently bonded.

Question 9

it dictates how water
interacts with other molecules.

Answer 9

polarity

Question 10

the charge differential of water

Answer 10

polarity

Question 11

the measure of mass per volume.

Answer 11

Density

Question 12

d=m/v

Answer 12

The average density of an object equals its
total mass divided by its total volume.

Question 13

The density of
water

Answer 13

about 775 times greater than the air

Question 14

they do not need strong stems or skeletons
required on land.

Answer 14

large aquatic organisms

Question 15

reason for frequent cracking of expanding lake ice

Answer 15

due to expansion of the water surface upon freezing

Question 16

This plays an important role in the mechanical breakdown of rock.

Answer 16

“physical weathering”

Question 17

Periodic freezing and thawing is effective in shattering rock and exposes more rock surface to dissolution

Answer 17

“biological/ chemical weathering”

Question 18

measure of liquid’s resistance
to flow and is responsible for the frictional resistance or viscous drag that water offers to swimming fish or sinking algae.

Answer 18

Dynamic viscosity

Question 19

The reciprocal of viscosity

Answer 19

“fluidity”

Question 20

a measure of ease of flow

Answer 20

fluidity

Question 21

it plays a very important role in
temperature regulation.

Answer 21

water

Question 22

The characteristic of water to attract to
other substances.

Answer 22

Adhesion

Question 23

The characteristic of water to attract to
another water molecule.

Answer 23

Cohesion

Question 24

This allows the
development of surface tension.

Answer 24

Cohesion

Question 25

water has a great strength on its surface film.

Answer 25

Surface Tension

Question 26

it permits surface-living insects to walk on
water and light-weight debris, like pollen, to float,
resulting in accumulations of wind- or current-derived particulate matter in the surface film of lakes and seas.

Answer 26

Surface Tension

Question 27

Why is that Water is a good solvent for inorganic and polar organic molecules?

Answer 27

because it has high pole dipole moment with
positively-charged hydrogen atoms of each molecule and the oxygen atom negatively charged.

Question 28

Allows lake stratification, and surface freezing
rather than bottom freezing

Answer 28

Density

Question 29

Allows water to exist as liquid

Answer 29

Melting and
Boiling Points

Question 30

Influences the case of water mixing, provides
resistance to the movement of organisms, and
helps determine the sedimentation rate of
particles

Answer 30

Viscosity

Question 31

Moderates (buffers) temperature extremes

Answer 31

Specific Heat or
Heat capacity

Question 32

Important to heat transfer in inland water and atmosphere

Answer 32

Heat of Vaporization

Question 33

Increase the difficulty of surface waves breaking
and thereby slowing the rate of heating and
cooling in lakes, allows certain insects to walk on
water surfaces

Answer 33

Surface Tension

Question 34

Allows greater heat absorption in the surface
water, but reduced surface absorption at shorter
wavelengths, allowing a greater penetration of
photosynthetically available radiation

Answer 34

Absorption or Radiation

Question 35

Important in dissolution and transport of
dissolved substances from catchments and the
atmosphere to aquatic systems

Answer 35

Solvent Properties

Question 36

Why do dead fish generally sink faster
than bacteria, even they have
approximately same density?

Question 37

What will happen if you drop a needle on
a glass of water vertically? What if
horizontally? Why did it happen?

Question 38

What could be the dangerous effects to
the aquatic life of too much viscosity of
water in lakes?

Question 39

What does it create when the positively charged hydrogens bind to the oxygen?

Answer 39

Asymmetrical molecule.
positive charge on one side and negative charge on the other side

Question 40

Result of the high specific heat of water

Answer 40

Protect the biota from overheating and
Prevent rapid loss of water

Question 41

Heat or energy needed to break hydrogen bonds allowing liquid water to become water vapour

Answer 41

Heat of evaporation/ heat of vaporization

Question 42

What drives the water cycle?

Answer 42

Heat of vaporization and condensation