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attachment > types of attachment (ainsworth's strange situation) > Flashcards

types of attachment (ainsworth's strange situation) Flashcards

1
Q

define validity

A

whether something is real or just the outcome of a research study

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2
Q

define internal validity

A

concerns things inside of the study

are we testing for what we say we are?

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3
Q

define external validity

A

concerns things outside of the study

to what extent can we generalise our findings?

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4
Q

define reliability

A

consistency of a research study

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5
Q

define inter reliability

A

an agreement between different observers

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6
Q

what was the aim of ainsworth’s study

A

to observe key attachment behaviours as a means of assessing the quality of a baby’s attachment to a caregiver

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7
Q

what type of study was ainsworth’s strange situation and how was the behaviour observed

A

a controlled observation which was conducted in a laboratory with 2 way mirrors

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8
Q

what were the 5 key attachment behaviours that were observed

A

proximity seeking
exploration and secure base behaviour
stranger anxiety
separation anxiety
response to reunion

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9
Q

what behaviour is demonstrated in a good quality attachment in terms of proximity seeking

A

staying close to caregiver

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10
Q

what behaviour is demonstrated in a good quality attachment in terms of exploration and secure-base behaviour

A

confidence to explore as they know the caregiver is there to make them feel safe

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11
Q

what behaviour is demonstrated in a good quality attachment in terms of stranger anxiety

A

anxiety when a stranger approaches

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12
Q

what behaviour is demonstrated in a good quality attachment in terms of separation anxiety

A

protests/displays anxiety when separated from caregiver

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13
Q

what behaviour is demonstrated in a good quality attachment in terms of response to reunion

A

greet caregiver with pleasure and seek comfort

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14
Q

how long does each episode in Ainsworth’s strange situation last for

A

3 minutes

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15
Q

what 7 episodes are used in Ainsworth’s strange situation

A
  1. baby is encouraged to explore
  2. stranger comes in and talks to the caregiver and approaches the baby
  3. the caregiver leaves the baby and stranger together
  4. the caregiver returns and the stranger leaves
  5. the caregiver leaves the baby alone
  6. the stranger returns
  7. the caregiver returns and is reunited with the baby
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16
Q

during the baby is encouraged to explore episode

what attachment behaviour is being tested

A

tests exploration and secure base

17
Q

during the stranger comes in and talks to the caregiver and approaches the baby episode

what attachment behaviour is being tested

A

tests stranger anxiety

18
Q

during the the caregiver leaves the baby and stranger together episode

what attachment behaviour is being tested

A

tests stranger and separation anxiety

19
Q

during the caregiver returns and the stranger leaves episode

what attachment behaviour is being tested

A

tests reunion behaviour

exploration and secure base

20
Q

during the caregiver leaves the baby alone episode

what attachment behaviour is being tested

A

tests separation anxiety

21
Q

during the stranger returns episode

what attachment behaviour is being tested

A

tests stranger anxiety

22
Q

during the caregiver returns and is reunited with with baby episode

what attachment behaviour is being tested

A

tests reunion behaviour

23
Q

what were the 3 main types of attachments Ainsworth identified after his strange situation

A

secure attachment (type b)
insecure avoidant (type a)
insecure resistant (type c)

24
Q

what % of UK babies are securely attached

A

60 - 75%

25
Q

give 3 characteristics of a securely attached baby

A

explore happily but readily go back to their caregivers
(moderate proximity seeking and secure based behaviour)

shows moderate separation and stranger anxiety

they require comfort from caregiver in reunion stage but are easily calmed

26
Q

what % of UK babies are insecure avoidant

A

20 - 25%

27
Q

give 3 characteristics of an insecure avoidant baby

A

explore freely but do not seek proximity or show secure based behaviour
(low proximity seeking but high exploration)

little separation and stranger anxiety

make little effort to make contact when caregiver returns so they tend to ignore caregiver

28
Q

what % of UK babies are insecure resistant

A

3%

29
Q

give 3 characteristics of an insecure resistant babies

A

seek greater proximity so explore less
(great proximity seeking low exploration/secure base)

high levels of separation and stranger anxiety

resist comfort when reunited with caregiver so are hard to calm

30
Q

what is the research support for the strange situation

A

94% observes agree on attachment type

attachment (11 decks)

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