romanian orphan studies: insustionalisation

Question 1

in the 1990’s how many children did he romanian president require families to have

Answer 1

5 children

Question 2

why did lots of children end up in institutionalised care in the 1990’s

Answer 2

many parents couldn’t afford to keep the children

Question 3

who was the researcher that followed the ERA study

Answer 3

Rutter et al (2011)

Question 4

what does ERA stand for

Answer 4

English Romanian Adoptee study

Question 5

what was the procedure of Rutter’s study

Answer 5

followed 165 romanian orphans for many years as part of ERA (English and Romanian Adoptee)

within which orphans had been adopted by families in the UK

Question 6

what was the aim of Rutter’s study

Answer 6

investigate the extent good care could make up for poor early experience in institutions

Question 7

what were they assessing in Rutter’s study

Answer 7

physical, cognitive, emotional development

Question 8

what ages were the children assesed at in Rutter’s study

Answer 8

4, 6, 11, 15, 22-25

Question 9

how many participants were there in the control group in Rutter’s study

Answer 9

52 children in the UK were adopted around the same time

Question 10

what were the findings of Rutter’s study

Answer 10

when they first arrived in the UK
1/2 adoptees showed signs of delayed intellectual development and the majority were severely malnourished

at age 11 adopted children showed differental rates of recovery related to the age of adoption

mean iq

adopted before 6 months - 102
adopted between 6 months to 2 years = 86
adopted after 2 years = 77

Question 11

if adopted after 6 months what attachment type were the children most likely to have

Answer 11

disinhibited attachment

Question 12

what are some of the symptoms of disinhibited attachment

Answer 12

attention seeking
clinginess
social behaviour to all adults

Question 13

what did Beckett et als research show folowing the ERA sutdy

Answer 13

differences remained at age 16

Question 14

what did Kennedy et als research show following the ERA study

Answer 14

ADHD was more common in 15 and 22-25 year olds

Question 15

who did the BEI project in 2005

Answer 15

Zeanah

Question 16

what does BEI stand for

Answer 16

Bucharest Early Intervention Project

Question 17

what many participants were there in the BEI study and how old were they

Answer 17

95 romanian children age 12-31 months who had spent most of their lives in institutionalised care (90% on average)

Question 18

how many participants was there in the control group of the BEI project

Answer 18

50 children

Question 19

how was attachment type measure in the BEI project

Answer 19

by using the Strange Situation

Question 20

in the BEI project what did they ask carers

Answer 20

asked carers about any unusual social behaviour

(attention seeking, social behaviour directed inappropriately at all adults WHICH ARE SIGNS OF DISINHIBITED ATTACHMENT)

Question 21

what were the findings of the BEI project

Answer 21

74% of control group were assessed as securely attached by using the strange situation

only 19% of the insustionalised group were securely attached

disinhibited attachment

44% of institutionalised children

less than 20% of controls

Question 22

define disinhibited attachment

Answer 22

equally friendly and affectionate behaviour to people and strangers

Question 23

what does Rutter say regarding disinhibited attachment

Answer 23

Rutter (2006) disinhibited attachment is an adaptation to living with multiple caregivers during sensitive period for attachment formation

Question 24

why is disinhibited attachment common in Romanian orphanages

Answer 24

children may have 50 carers but doesn’t spend enough time with one of them to form a secure attachment

Question 25

define institutionalisation

Answer 25

place like a hospital orphanage where people live for continuous periods of time. In such places there is often very little emotional care provided