asthma and copd

Question 1

2 components of asthma

Answer 1

inflammation of airway and bronchoconstriction

Question 2

2 components of copd

Answer 2

bronchitis and emphysema

Question 3

1 asthma treatment

Answer 3

antiinflamatories –> inhaled glucocorticoids
-no systemic effects (e.g. immunosuppression)
-side effects are thrush and tachycardia

Question 4

Oral glucocorticoids

Answer 4

only use if inahled isn’t working
keep treatment breif
side effects: adrenal suppression, hyperglycemia, osteoporosis, growth stunting

Question 5

Leukotriene antagonists

Answer 5

reduce bronchoconstriction and inflamation
but cause depression

Question 6

Mast cell stabilizers

Answer 6

basically jst antihistamines used as prophylaxis

Question 7

monoclonal antibodies

Answer 7

antagonize IgE

Question 8

Interleukin 5 antagonists

Answer 8

only contradiction is hypersensitivity

Question 9

Common bronchodilators

Answer 9

B2 agonists, like Theophyline (10-20)
for acute attacks and before excersise
side effects = tachycardia, angina, and tremor –> time limiting

Question 10

Anticholinergics example

Answer 10

Iratropium
blocks muscarinic receptors, blocking bronchoconstriction
well tolerated, but dries you out

Question 11

order of treatment for acute asthma exacerbation

Answer 11

O2 if hypoxic
systemic gluc
nebulized high dose ABA
nebulized ipratropium

Question 12

why does exercise cause bronchospasms?

Answer 12

loss of heat or water

Question 13

Treatment of COPD exacerbations

Answer 13

SABAs (dilation)
systemic glucs
antibiotics (mucus)
O2 (88-92%)