Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

LEC 6-11 Quiz #2 > LEC 8 NUCLEOTIDES/NUCLEIC ACID > Flashcards

LEC 8 NUCLEOTIDES/NUCLEIC ACID Flashcards

1
Q

What are nucleotides?

A

Monomers of Nucleic acids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Name the 3 parts that makes up nucleotides?

A
  1. Nitrogen base
  2. Penrose sugar
  3. Phosphate
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Define Nitrogen base?

A

Contains nitrogen with hydrocarbon ring structure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Name two types of nitrogen base?

A

Purines & Pyrimidines

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

List the components of ‘purine’

A

Have:
Double ring, Adenine(A) & Guanine(G)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Lost the components of ‘purine’

A

Have:
Double ring, Adenine(A) & Guanine(G)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the monomers of ‘nucleic acid’?

A

RNA,DNA & ATP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are ‘pyrimidines’?

A

Have:
Single ring, Cytosine(C), Thymine(T) & Uracil(U)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Define ‘Pentose sugar’

A

Has 5 Carbon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Name the two types of ‘Pentose sugar’

A

-Ribose
-Deoxyribose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Define ‘Phosphate’

A

Phosphate group - covalent bound to pentose sugar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

How many ‘phosphate groups’ does a ‘Nucleotide’ have?

A

1-3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is ‘Adenosine Triphosphate’ (ATP)?

A

Main source of energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the structure of ATP

A

Has: ‘Adenine’ attach to ‘Ribose’
Forms: Adenosine & ‘3 Phosphate groups,

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

ATP STRUCTURE EXPLAINED

A
  1. Adenine + Ribose
    = Adenosine & 3 phosphate groups
  2. Adenosine + 1 Phosphate
    = Adenosine monophosphate (AMP)
  3. Adenosine + 2 Phospahte
    = Adenosine Diphosphate (ADP)
  4. Adenosine + 3 Phosphate
    = Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Adenosine with one (1) phosphate is ___?

Adenosine with two (2) phosphate is ___?

Adenosine with Three (3) phosphate is __?

A

Adenosine monophosphate (AMP)

Adenosine Diphosphate (ADP)

Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

T/F
ATP is made by adding a third phosphate to ADP?

A

TRUE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

How is Energy released from ATP?

A

Hydrolysis

(The bond is broken)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

When ATP bond is broken to release energy, what is the result?

A

ADP + 1 phosphate

20
Q

What’s the use of ATP(energy)?

A

Drives Cellular processes

21
Q

What are Nucleic Acids?

A

Polymers of linked nucleotides

22
Q

T/F
A chain of nucleotides = Nucleic acids?

A

TRUE

23
Q

How are Nucleotides linked?

A

Dehydration synthesis

24
Q

A phosphate group of one nucleotide attaches to the sugar of the next by a _____________?

A

Polar covalent bond

25
Q

Define DNA?

A

Blue print of proteins

26
Q

T/F
DNA is composed of ‘Double helix’?

How is a double helix formed?

A
  • TRUE
  • 2 twisted strands of nucleotides
27
Q

What type of sugar does DNA contains?

A

Deoxyribose

Note:
It’s called deoxyribose because - missing one carbon

28
Q

What are the bases of DNA?

A

A-G-C-T

Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine, Thymine

29
Q

What holds the double helix together?
(Two strands)

A

Hydrogen bond

30
Q

What are the two “Complimentary base pairing”?

A

Adenine - thymine _2 hydrogen bonds

Guanine - Cytosine _3 hydrogen bonds

A-T G-C

31
Q

What are the two “Complimentary base pairing”?

A

Adenine - thymine _2 hydrogen bonds

Guanine - Cytosine _3 hydrogen bonds

A-T G-C

32
Q

What is the name of the DNA segment that stores the recipe to make proteins?

A

Gene

33
Q

Define ‘Gene’?

A

Contains info needed to make proteins

34
Q

Define ‘protein synthesis’?

A

The process of creating proteins

Amino acids > proteins

35
Q

What is the function of RNA?

A

Assemble amino acids sequence

36
Q

T/F
RNA only stays within the nucleus?

A

FALSE

Carries info of how to assemble proteins outside nucleus

37
Q

What are the bases of RNA?

A

Adenine, Guanine, Uracil, Cytosine

38
Q

What is the complimentary pairing of RNA bases?

A

A>U
G>C

39
Q

What sugar does RNA contain?

A

Ribose

40
Q

What are the two main functions of RNA?

A

-Transcription (coping of a gene)

-Translation (converting it into amino acids)

41
Q

What is DNA synthesis?
(Replication)

A

New DNA strands made from old DNA
(by enzyme - polymerase)

42
Q

DNA strands are separated (unwind) by an enzyme called _____?

A

Helicase

43
Q

T/F
DNA synthesis starts when ‘Helicase’ unwind strands?

A

TRUE

44
Q

What’s is the function of the enzyme called ‘Primase’?

A

Builds RNA primer

Primer - replicate short RNA sequence

45
Q

What is the function of RNA primer

A

Gives DNA polymerase place to build DNA strand

46
Q

What’s the function of DNA polymerase?

A

Makes addition for free nucleotides

47
Q

What is ‘Semi-Conservative replication’?

A

Replication of Identical double helices
(1 old & 1 new strand)

LEC 6-11 Quiz #2 (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions