13.1 Flashcards
(62 cards)
how does availability of land cause food insecurity?
supply side
determines by level of food production, stock levels and net trade
land availability limited by urbanisation
how does economic and physical access to food cause food insecurity?
food supply at national and international levels doesn’t guarantee household level security causing greater policy focus on incomes, expenditure, markets and prices to achieve food security
how does food utilisation cause food insecurity?
how body makes the most of nutrients
sufficient energy and nutrient intake is the result of good care and feeding practices, food preparation, diversity of diet and intra-household distribution of food
how does availability over time cause food insecurity?
even in periods of food security, insecurity remains if access to food is inadequate on a periodic basis. adverse weather, political instability or economic factors may impact food security status
how did the millenium development goals impact food security?
aimed to relieve hunger and poverty by 2015 but didnt achieve
now the sustainable development goal is to achieve 0 hunger by 2030
how many children die every year from hunger?
2.5 million
how does rising climate impact agricultural production?
every 1 degree rise = 10% decline in agricultural production
how does food scarcity cause political instability?
political instability rises as food becomes scarcer, exacerbating issues
what is chronic food insecurity?
long term and persistent
what does chronic food insecurity occur?
when people cant meet minimum food requirement for a sustained period of time
what results from chronic food insecurity?
extended periods of poverty lack of assets + inadequate access to productive or financial resources
when can chronic food insecurity be overcome?
typical long term development measures also used to address poverty. may also need more direct access to food enable them to raise their productive capacity
what is transitory food insecurity?
short term and temporary
when does transitory food insecurity occur?
there’s a sudden drop in the ability to produce /access enough food to maintain a good nutritional
what results from transitory food insecurity?
short term shocks or fluctuation in a food access or availability, including year to year variations in domestic food production, food prices + household income
when transitory food insecurity can be overcome?
early warning capacity and safety net programmes. Transitory food insecurity is unpredictable and can emerge suddenly. This makes planning and programming more difficult
what are the four indicators of GHI?
undernourishment - % of population whose calorie intake is sufficient
child wasting - the proportion of children below 5 with low weight and height for their age, reflecting acute undernutrition
child stunting - proportion of children below 5 with low height for their age reflecting chronic undernutrition
child mortality - mortality rate of children below 5
which countries have the best GHI?
kuwait
thailand
vietnam
ghana
mexico
which countries have the worst GHI?
switzerland
iraq
burundi
eritrea
sudan
how is china’s food security threatened by climate change?
2nd largest number of poor people
significant differences in food production across china leading to food defecit and food surplus areas
9/31 provinces classified as food insecure
60% of people in these areas consume less than recommended grain portion
how is accra ghana’s food security threatened by climate change?
20-50% of urban residents engage in agriculture production in most african countries
15% of households involved in agricultural production
urban areas produce most of the fresh vegetables but only the rich can afford
vulnerable households often rely on cheaper., less preffered foods or ration money
how is colombia’s food security threatened by climate change?
50 years of internal conflict
6.2 million have been internally displaced
95% of people are food insecure
how does air contribute to food insecurity?
photosynthesis involves the absorption of CO2 from the atmosphere and the release of O2 to respire, and carry out their functions of water and nutrient uptake. Some plants fix nitrogen from the atmosphere.
how does climate and temperature contribute to food security?
crops can grow at below optimum temperatures but temperatures that are too high result in reduced yields. tropical crops (rice) require temperatures between 16 degrees and 27 degrees
temperature crops (wheat) grow at optimum temperature between 15-20 degrees
