4.2.2 Classification and evolution Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the taxonomic groups?

A

Domain
Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species

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2
Q

Why do scientists classify organisms?

A
  • To identify species
  • To predict characteristics
  • To find evolutionary links (come from a common ancestor)
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3
Q

What are the three domains of life?

A

Archaea
Bacteria
Eukarya

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4
Q

Define species

A

A group of organisms that are able to reproduce to produce fertile offspring

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5
Q

Why is naming organisms using genus and species better than common names?

A
  • Easier to classify internationally
  • Provide the relationship between organisms, for example they may belong to the same genus
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6
Q

What are the five kingdoms?

A
  • Prokaryotae (later split into eubacteria and archaebacteria after domain was introduced)
  • Protoctista
  • Fungi
  • Plantae
  • Animalia
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7
Q

How have classification systems changed?

A
  • Based on observable features, now relies on evolutionary relationships by comparing similarities in DNA
  • Two kingdoms (animals and plants) became five kingdoms which then became six kingdoms
  • Domain was added after studies on genetic material
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