Mouth and Throat Pathologies

Question 1

Pharyngitis

Answer 1

inflammation of the pharynx (viral or bacterial)

Question 2

Pharyngitis S&S

Answer 2

• sore throat
• pain with swallowing
• hoarseness
• redness
• enlarged lymph nodes
• body chills
• fever

Question 3

Pharyngitis Treatment

Answer 3

• hydration
• salt water gargle
• NSAIDs
• Antibiotics

Question 4

Halitosis

Answer 4

Bad Breath due to:
- poor dental hygiene
- infection
- strong odor foods
- decay of foods leading to bacteria

Question 5

Halitosis S&S

Answer 5

bad breath

Question 6

Halitosis Treatment

Answer 6

• brush teeth
• stop smoking
• drink water
• food log

Question 7

Tonsilitis

Answer 7

inflammation of the tonsils (closely associated with pharyngitis & caused by same bacteria/virus)

Question 8

Tonsilitis S&S

Answer 8

• sore throat
• pain with swallowing
• swollen tonsils
• white exudate
• hoarseness
• fever
• enlarged lymph nodes
• body chills

Question 9

Tonsilitis Treatment

Answer 9

• hydration
• salt water gargle
• NSAIDs
• antibiotics
• tonsillectomy if chronically recurrent

Question 10

Laryngitis

Answer 10

Inflammation of the larynx “voice box”

Question 11

Laryngitis S&S

Answer 11

• hoarseness / weak voice
• clears throat frequently
• tickling throat
• pain with swallowing

Question 12

Laryngitis Treatment

Answer 12

• rest voice
• air humidifier
• NSAIDs

Question 13

Gingivitis

Answer 13

Infection/Inflammation of the gums & is a mild form of periodontal disease

Question 14

Gingivitis S&S

Answer 14

• red/swollen gums
• pain with brushing teeth
• gums bleed when brushing
• tooth sensitivity
• tooth loosening

Question 15

Gingivitis Treatment

Answer 15

• increase oral hygiene
• antibiotics

Question 16

Tooth Fracture

Answer 16

Uncomplicated: fracture of enamel or dentin

Complicated: fracture extending into pulp cavity leading to exposure of nerve

Question 17

Tooth Fracture S&S

Answer 17

Uncomplicated:
- pain-free

Complicated:
- bleeding
- pain
- sensitivity

Question 18

Tooth Fracture Treatment

Answer 18

Refer to dentist
Uncomplicated: smooth and rebuild
complicated: root canal and crown

Question 19

Tooth Fracture RTP

Answer 19

Dentist clearance

Question 20

Fractured/Dislocated Mandible

Answer 20

Direct trauma (typically affects TMJ)

Question 21

Fractured/Dislocated Mandible S&S

Answer 21

• pain
• inability to move jaw
• misaligned bite
• jaw may protrude forward
• ecchymosis
• numbness

Question 22

Fractured/Dislocated Mandible Treatment

Answer 22

• Call 911 if breathing is compromised
• refer for reduction & wire jaw shut

Question 23

Fractured/Dislocated Mandible RTP

Answer 23

• no participation in contact sports
• may participate in non-contact sports w/ physician permission

Question 24

TMJ Dysfunction

Answer 24

• Direct trauma
• arthritis
• teeth clenching or grinding

Question 25

TMJ Dysfunction S&S

Answer 25

• pain/tender jaw
• aching pain in and around ear
• difficulty and discomfort chewing
• locking of joint
• misaligned bite
• clicking in eat w/ jaw movement

Question 26

TMJ Dysfunction Treatment

Answer 26

• NSAIDs
• Night guard
• avoid chewing gum/chewy foods

Question 27

Dislocated Tooth

Answer 27

Dislocation of entire tooth including the root

Question 28

Dislocated Tooth S&S

Answer 28

• bleeding
• pain
• absence of tooth

Question 29

Dislocated Tooth Treatment

Answer 29

• find tooth
• rinse or place in saline/milk
• place tooth back into patients mouth
• refer to dentist ASAP