production techniques and systems

Question 1

Production techniques

Answer 1

-

Question 2

standardised design and components

Answer 2

the same component or modular system are used across many designs/products

Question 3

pros of standardised design

Answer 3

consistent quality, speeds up manufacturing/development, cheaper

Question 4

cons of standardised design

Answer 4

quality of the product may suffer, difficult to customise

Question 5

just in time manufacture (JIT)

Answer 5

computers control stock so parts arrive just as they are needed and go straight to the production line

Question 6

pros of JIT

Answer 6

can increase efficiency, enables production runs to change to meet demands, less storage space needed = cheaper

Question 7

cons of JIT

Answer 7

any break in the supply stops production, less bulk buying discounts, cost of more deliveries

Question 8

lean manufacturing

Answer 8

reducing the waste in design, manufacturing, distribution, and customer services

Question 9

pros of lean manufacturing

Answer 9

multi skilled teams are each responsible for part of the production process, can improve efficiency as workers share their skills and expertise

Question 10

cons of lean manufacturing

Answer 10

requires time consuming data analysis, requires disruptive changes to existing processes

Question 11

production techniques

Answer 11

-

Question 12

continuous production

Answer 12

manufacturing of identical high demand products 24hrs a day

Question 13

pros of continuous production

Answer 13

removes the cost of stopping and starting production lines, materials can be cheaper with bulk buying discounts

Question 14

cons of continuous production

Answer 14

automation leads to staff redundancy, high start up costs, low flexibility in changing product design, a fault in production stops the whole process

Question 15

mass production

Answer 15

efficiently and consistently producing many products at a low cost per unit

Question 16

pros of mass production

Answer 16

materials are cheaper in high quantaties

Question 17

cons of mass production

Answer 17

initial set up costs are high, if production lines break manufacture is stopped, repetitive

Question 18

batch production

Answer 18

a set number of products are produced in limited quantities for a limited time

Question 19

jig

Answer 19

a jig can be put over a piece of work and guide a drill or saw to cut in the right place. it is a quick and accurate way to make cuts or holes in the right place

Question 20

fixtures

Answer 20

a fixture holds a piece of work in place while it is being cut, speeds up the process but many may be required increasing cost

Question 21

template

Answer 21

is a cut out shape that you draw around to mark out a shape you want to cut from a material still allows for human error with cutting

Question 22

pattern

Answer 22

is similar to a template but is referred to as a collection of templates so a pattern may include many templates to make the whole product. patterns can lead to accurate replicas but needs and accurate template which is expensive

Question 23

pros of batch production

Answer 23

could lower capital costs, reduces storage space required as less material needed per run which also reduces ties in stocks if the product is no longer selling, the product can be changed easily so can keep workers employed and machinery being used.

Question 24

cons of batch production

Answer 24

downtime in manufacture when changing production lines

Question 25

one off production

Answer 25

a single unique product is made by skilled workers

Question 26

pros of one off production

Answer 26

high quality products, the product is unique, it can be made for specific things to reduce wasted space eg. a cupboard made to fit a weird shaped room

Question 27

cons of one off production

Answer 27

products are expensive, costs of material are higher, production times are longer