summary of digestive enzymes

Question 1

Pancreatic amylase substrate

Answer 1

Starches

Question 2

Trypsin (activated from trypsinogen by
enterokinase)

Answer 2

Proteins

Question 3

Chymotrypsin (activated
from chymotrypsinogen
by trypsin) substrates

Answer 3

Proteins

Question 4

Elatase

Answer 4

proteins

Question 5

Pancreatic lipase substrates

Answer 5

Triglycerides (fats and oils) that have been emulsified by bile salts

Question 6

List he functions of the colon (there are 5)

Answer 6

1. Haustral churning, peristalsis, and mass peristalsis drive contents of colon into rectum
2. Bacteria in colon convert proteins into amino acids, break down amino acids, and produce some B vitamins
3. Absorption of some water, ions, and vitamins
4. Formation of feces
5. Defecation

Question 7

What is Haustral churning?

Answer 7

The walls of the haustra contract to squeeze contents onward

Question 8

What is perisalsis

Answer 8

Propulsive contractions

Question 9

Mass peristalsis?

Answer 9

A strong peristaltic wave that begins in the transverse colon and quickly drives the contents of the colon into the rectum?

Question 10

What does the colon absorb?

Answer 10

water, electrolytes, and some vitamins

Question 11

What is feces made up of?

Answer 11

Consist of water, inorganic salts, sloughed-off epithelial cells, bacteria, products of bacterial decomposition, and undigested portions of foods

Question 12

What happens during defecation reflex?

Answer 12

• Rectal wall distends and stretch receptors send sensory nerve impulses to the sacral spinal cord
• Motor impulses travel back to the descending colon, sigmoid colon, rectum, and anus
• Longitudinal rectal muscles contract and the internal anal sphincter opens