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2nd year, Second Sem. Majors > History of Architecture 2: Midterms Part 4- Extra notes > Flashcards

History of Architecture 2: Midterms Part 4- Extra notes Flashcards

1
Q

What countries are in the indian subcontinent?

A

India, Pakistan, Sri
Lanka, and Bangladesh.

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2
Q

Hindus make up ___ of indias population?

A

79.8%

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3
Q

muslims make up ___ of Indias population?

A

12.9%

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4
Q

Christians make up ____ of Indias population

A

2.4%

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5
Q

Other religions in India make up ___ of the population.

A

0.6

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6
Q

An iranian, american architect born in 1948; built the Lotus temple in Delhi, India

A

FARIBORZ SAHBA

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7
Q

A Punjabi Muslim architect during the Mughal Empire, Plan drawer of Taj Mahal

A

USTAD AHMAD LAHORI

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8
Q

This building is considered to be the greatest architectural achievement in the whole range of Indo-Islamic architecture.

A

Taj Mahal

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9
Q

The Taj Mahal is known as a symbol
of love because it serves as a testimony of
the intense love that ___ has for his
wife, ____.

A

Shah Jahan, Mumtaz Mahal

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10
Q

Taj mahal is also a symbol of? ___

A

Love

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11
Q

There is an underground river that
originates from this temple wherein the water
is believed to heal physical and spiritual
illness; This is a Hindu Temple which is
dedicated to Shiva.

A

Lingaraja Temple

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12
Q

A temple with a symbol of power and wealth

A

Brihadisvara Temple

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13
Q

It is one of the 7 temples
of the Baha’i faith in the world. It is made up of 27
free-standing marble petals arranged to form
the 9 sides of the temple.

A

Lotus temple

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14
Q

It used to be the official residence of
the Wadiyar dynasty and the seat of the
Kingdom of Mysore.

A

Mysore palace

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15
Q

The first pan-Indian empire, an empire that covered most of the Indian region. It
spanned across central and northern India as well as over parts of modern-day Iran; of wood to stone; patronized by king Ashoka.

A

Mauryan empire

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16
Q

It is an island country lying in
the Indian Ocean and separated
from peninsular India by the
Palk Strait.

A

Sri lanka

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17
Q

It is known as the “Teardrop of
India”

A

Sri Lanka

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18
Q

Formerly Ceylon, which is the
transliteration of Ceilao.

A

Sri lanka

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19
Q

Constitute the largest ethnic group of the island of Sri lanka (75% population); Historically known as Hela people; they speak sinhala

A

Sinhales

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20
Q

Later immigrants from areas of central,
eastern, and southern India where Dravidian
languages were spoken; Are mostly Hindus with a significant Christian population.

A

Tamil

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21
Q

place of worship similar to a church

A

Temples

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22
Q

bell-shaped structures that contain a holy relic or scripture and generally can not be entered.

A

STupa

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23
Q

contain living quarters and meditation cells for monks.

A

Monasteries

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24
Q

One of Sri Lanka’s oldest religions, with temples dating back over 2,000 years.

A

Hinduism

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25
Q

*Hindu temples are called ____ mostly dedicated to Shiva.

A

Kovils

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26
Q

An ancient temple
built on top of a rock
in Tangalle

A

Mulkirigala

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27
Q

The largest
cave temple of
Sri Lanka.

A

Dambulla

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28
Q

The largest stupa of Sri Lanka and is regarded as the tallest stupa of the world.

A

JETAVANARAMAYA

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29
Q

The first stupa which was built in Sri Lanka.

A

THUPARAMAYA

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30
Q

Known as The Brazen Palace or
Lohaprasadaya since the roof
was covered with bronze tiles.

A

LOVAMAHAPAYA

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31
Q

A Buddhist circular shaped structure built to protect the mall stupas which enshrined a relic of a Buddhist monk or to shelter the devotees.

A

VATADAGE

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32
Q

An ancient rock fortress known for its massive column of rock that reaches
nearly 200 meters high; A UNESCO heritage site

A

SIGIRAYA

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33
Q

T or F: Pakistan has the 2nd largest Muslim population

A

True

34
Q

T or F: Pakistan is bounded by myanmar
to the west, Afghanistan to
the northwest and north,
China to the northeast, and
India to the east and
southeast.

A

False, should be Iran on the west.

35
Q

T or F: Pakistan geologically
overlaps both with the Indian
and the Eurasian tectonic
plates

A

True

36
Q

In this islamic belief, Imams are
viewed as saints.

A

Sunni Islam

37
Q

In this islamic belief God always
provides a guide. Imams
are only appointed by God.

A

Shia Islam

38
Q

Materials used in construction in Pakistani architecture

A

Brick, wood and loam

39
Q

Structure in pakistan, include the great bath

A

MOHENJO DARO

40
Q

T or F: Pakistani architecture Borrowed elements
from the ancient Greece like support columns

A

True

41
Q

The highest point of the architectural era
reached by pakistanis

A

Gandhara Style

42
Q

A mixture of Islamic,
Indian, Turkish, and
Persian styles; Symmetry, geometrical
shapes, and detailed
ornamentation

A

Mughal architecture

43
Q

Persian and Greek influence to pakistani architecture Starting from 1st century AD.

A

Greco-Buddhist Style

44
Q

One of the largest mosques
in the world renowned for its
size and architecture
Designed by Turkish Architect
Vedat Dalokay, completed in
1986

A

FAISAL MOSQUE

45
Q

Tall minaret in Iqbal Parl,
Lahore, in honor of the
Lahore Resolution
Reflects a blend of
Mughal and modern
architecture

A

MINAR-E
PAKISTAN

46
Q

an independent, secular and
democratic country in South Asia. It is the
world’s fifth largest democracy, having the
eighth largest population in the world.

A

Bangladesh

47
Q

The nation of rivers

A

Bangladesh

48
Q

is one of the traditional housing
types that are used by poor
families mainly in rural areas

A

Mud house

49
Q

the most widely used material in the eastern and northern parts of Bangladesh. can be thick and thin walled

A

Bamboo

50
Q

Houses in bangladesh that are commonly built nearby oceans and big and deep rivers to protect the house from flooding and vermin.

A

Stilt houses

51
Q

He built the great Somapura
Mahavihara in Paharpur, Naogaon
District, Bangladesh.

A

Dharmapala

52
Q

He is considered as the Grand
Master of regional modernism in South
Asia. Islam is the pioneer of modern
architecture in Bangladesh and the father of Bengali modernism.

A

Muzharul Islam

53
Q

built many mosques, tombs and secular
buildings in the capital city of Dhaka and outside.

A

SHaista khan

54
Q

The first kingdom to unify the regions that would
later constitute the country of Myanmar.

A

Bagan

55
Q

where monks and nuns live their daily lives

A

Monasteries

56
Q

Built during the colonial period and often
made with teak (abundant tropical hardwood)

A

Royal palaces

57
Q

Sacred shrines which houses deities and statues
which are worshipped and revered.

A

Temples

58
Q

“The land of a thousand
Pagodas”

A

Myanmar

59
Q

ALSO KNOWN AS GREAT
DAGON PAGODA AND THE
GOLDEN PAGODA

A

SHWEDAGON PAGODA

60
Q

is a type of Buddhist stupa that is found only in Myanmar. have a bell- shaped base that tapers towards the top, which is typically adorned with a finial.

A

Zedi

61
Q

These are mythological creatures that resemble
lions and are often found guarding the entrances to temples and other important buildings in Myanmar.

A

Chinthe

62
Q

They are characterized by their high, curved gables and overhanging eaves, which are typically decorated with ornate carvings and painted in bright colors.

A

Mon-style roofs

63
Q

are large murals or frescoes that depict scenes from the
life of the Buddha.

A

Jatakas

64
Q

They are typically made of teak wood and are used to protect windows and doors from the sun and rain. The shutters often feature
intricate carvings.

A

Wooden shutters

65
Q

is a multi-tiered roof structure that is found primarily in the Shan and Kayin States of Myanmar. The roofs are typically made of
teak wood and feature several tiers that increase in size as they rise.

A

Pyatthat

66
Q

These arches are characterized by their
curved shape and intricate carvings and decorations.

A

Burmese arches

67
Q

FORMERLY KKNOWN AS ___
(DARK OR BROWN), NOW
___(LAND OF FREE)

A

Siam, Thailand

68
Q

OCCUPIES THE WESTERN HALF OF
THE INDOCHINESE PENINSULA AND
THE NORTHERN TWO- THIRDS OF
MALAY PENINSULA IN SOUTHEAST
ASIA.

A

Thailand

69
Q

usually feature a bamboo or wooden structure,
raised on stilts and topped with a steep gabled roof.

A

Thai houses

70
Q

refers to a group of religious buildings generally enclosed by a wall with gateways

A

Wat

71
Q

Meditation Hall in a wat

A

Bot

72
Q

replica of Bot; houses Buddha images

A

Vihara

73
Q

stupa; domed shrines

A

Phra Chedi

74
Q

towerlike shrines ; similar to stupa

A

Phra Prang

75
Q

hall for holy objects

A

Mondop

76
Q

royal throne hall

A

Pra Sat

77
Q

USUALLY BUILT AS A CLUSTER OF PHYSICALLY SEPARATE ROOMS ARRANGED AROUND A LARGE CENTRAL TERRACE; HOUSES WERE RAISED DUE TO HEAVY FLOODING OR PREDATORS

A

Thai houses

78
Q

FOUND IN LOWLANDS, ELEVATED ON STOUT ROUND POSTS, IT HAS STEEP ROOFS WITH CURVED BARGEBOARDS AND PANELED WALLS LEANING SLIGHTLY INWARD

A

CENTRAL PLAINS HOUSES

79
Q

A DISTINCTIVE FEATURE IS THE ELEGANT CURVED DECORATION AT THE ENDS OF THE PEAKED BARGEBOARDS SURROUNDING THE GABLES

A

Ngao

80
Q

ENTRY IS MARKED WITH WATER JARTHAT LEADS TO DETACHED BUILDINGS CONSISTING OF THE MAIN HOUSE, KITCHEN, GRANARY, SPIRIT HOUSE AND WATER STORAGE

A

KAMTHIENG HOUSE

81
Q

EARLY BANGKOK HAD THESE HOUSES WHERE THE FAMILY LIVED AND TRADE

. THE FLOORBOARDS IN SUCH STRUCTURES ARE LOOSELY FITTED TO ALLOW FOR MOVEMENT AS THE WATER RISES AND FALLS

A

FLOATING HOUSES

82
Q

was traditionally a school, hospital,
community center and even an entertainment
venue

A

Thai wat

2nd year, Second Sem. Majors (6 decks)

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