[CHEM] Unit 13 - Acids and Bases

Question 1

T/F: Both acids and bases are electrolytes

Answer 1

T

Question 2

Acids taste ___

Answer 2

Sour

Question 3

Bases taste ___

Answer 3

Bitter

Question 4

Bases feel ___

Answer 4

Slipper

Question 5

Acids are: corrosive/caustic

Answer 5

Corrosive

Question 6

Bases are: corrosive/caustic

Answer 6

Caustic

Question 7

T/F: Acids are polar molecules

Answer 7

T

Question 8

T/F: Bases are polar molecules

Answer 8

F: they are ionic solids

Question 9

Arrhenius acids and bases must be in what phase:

Answer 9

Aq

Question 10

Arrhenius acids must ___ in water to produce ___ as the only positive ion

Answer 10

Ionize, H+

Question 11

Arrhenius bases must ___ in water to produce ___ as the only negative ion

Answer 11

Dissociate, OH-

Question 12

When H+ bonds to H2O, what does it form?

Answer 12

Hydronium, or H3O+

Question 13

T/F: Arrhenius bases can contain carbon

Answer 13

F: they cannot; if a base contains carbon, it is an alcohol

Question 14

T/F: Dissociation needs to occur before ionization

Answer 14

F: ionization needs to occur first!

Question 15

How are acid anhydrides formed?

Answer 15

When water reacts with a nonmetal oxide

Question 16

How are metal oxides formed?

Answer 16

Basic anhydride combines with water

Question 17

Salts are ___ compounds that form from the ___ part of the acid and the ___ part of the base

Answer 17

Ionic, negative, positive

Question 18

When an acid neutralizes a base, what is formed?

Answer 18

A salt

Question 19

What are the 7 strong acids?

Answer 19

HCl, HBr, HI, HNO3, H2SO4, HClO3, and HClO4

Question 20

What are the strong bases?

Answer 20

Group 1 hydroxides (ex: NaOH), Ca(OH)2, Sr(OH)2, and Ba(OH)2

Question 21

What does Kw always equal?

Answer 21

1x10^(-14)

Question 22

The formula for Kw is:

Answer 22

[H30+]x[OH-]

Question 23

Strong acids and bases ionize ___

Answer 23

Completely

Question 24

The equilibrium expression for weak acids is: Ka=

Answer 24

x

x= original molarity

Question 25

The equilibrium expression for weak bases is: Kb=

Answer 25

x

x= original molarity

Question 26

pH=

Answer 26

-log[H+]

Question 27

A high pH means a ___ concentration of hydronium ions, and a low pH means a ___ concentration of hydronium ions

Answer 27

Low, high

Question 28

A high pOH means a ___ concentration of hydroxide ions, and a low pOH means a ___ concentration of hydroxide ions

Answer 28

Low, high

Question 29

pOH=

Answer 29

-log[OH-]

Question 30

An increase of pH by 1 means a decrease of [H-] by

Answer 30

1/10

Question 31

An increase of pOH by 3 means a decrease of [OH-] by

Answer 31

1/1000

Question 32

Bases have ___ pOH and ___ pH

Answer 32

Low, high

Question 33

Kw is always at what temperature?

Answer 33

25 celsius

Question 34

An acid + metal is what type of reaction?

Answer 34

Single replacement

Question 35

An acid + base, also known as ___, is what type of reaction?

Answer 35

Neutralization, double replacement

Question 36

An acid + metal makes what?

Answer 36

H2 (diatomic!!) and a salt

Question 37

And acid + base makes what?

Answer 37

Water and a salt

Question 38

What are the three metals that don’t react with acid?

Answer 38

Ag, Au, and Cu

Question 39

Strong acid + strong base =

Answer 39

Neutral (pH=7) salt

Question 40

Strong acid + weak base =

Answer 40

Acidic salt

Question 41

Weak acid + strong base =

Answer 41

Basic salt

Question 42

Weak acid + weak base =

Answer 42

Unknown