9- Pathology and Diagnosis/Treatment

Question 1

asthma

Answer 1

a disease caused by episodic narrowing and inflammation of the airway

Question 2

atelectasis

Answer 2

incomplete expansion

Question 3

caseous necrosis

Answer 3

the death of tissue with a cheese-like appearance

Question 4

chronic obstructive
pulmonary disease

Answer 4

a lung disease caused by the continual blockage of lung passages

Question 5

emphysema

Answer 5

a disease that causes the alveoli to lose elasticity and break down causing difficulty with exhalation

Question 6

empyema

Answer 6

pus inside (the chest)

Question 7

epistaxis

Answer 7

nosebleed

Question 8

exhalation

Answer 8

the action of breathing out

Question 9

expectoration

Answer 9

coughing or spitting material out of the lungs

Question 10

hemoptysis

Answer 10

coughing up blood

Question 11

inhalation

Answer 11

the action of breathing in

Question 12

pectus carinatum

Answer 12

a chest that protrudes

Question 13

pectus excavatum

Answer 13

a chest that is hollowed out

Question 14

pertussis

Answer 14

contagious bacterial respiratory disease, commonly known as whooping cough

Question 15

pleural effusion

Answer 15

fluid in the pleural cavity (surrounding the lungs)

Question 16

pleurisy

Answer 16

inflammation of the pleura, pleuritis

Question 17

pneumoconiosis

Answer 17

a lung condition caused by the inhalation of particulates

Question 18

bronchospasm

Answer 18

involuntary contractions of the bronchi

Question 19

dysphonia

Answer 19

hoarseness, abnormal voice

Question 20

restrictive lung disorder

Answer 20

a lung condition involving a decreased volume of air the lungs are able to hold

Question 21

rhinorrhea

Answer 21

runny nose

Question 22

sputum

Answer 22

mucus

Question 23

tuberculosis

Answer 23

a life-threatening bacterial disease that attacks the lungs

Question 24

tubercle

Answer 24

small nodular lesion, characteristic of TB

Question 25

antitussive

Answer 25

a drug that prevents coughing

Question 26

arterial blood gas

Answer 26

a measurement of oxygen, carbon dioxide, and pH levels in the blood

Question 27

auscultation

Answer 27

listening to heart, lung, or bowel sounds through a stethoscope

Question 28

bronchodilator

Answer 28

a drug that expands the walls of the bronchi

Question 29

cardiopulmonary resuscitation

Answer 29

a method of artificially maintaining blood flow and airflow when breathing and pulse have stopped

Question 30

computed tomography

Answer 30

an imaging technique utilizing x-rays and a computer to view slices of a patient’s body. The slices can also be put together to make a 3-dimensional image.

Question 31

expectorant

Answer 31

a drug that encourages that expulsion of material from the lungs

Question 32

nebulizer

Answer 32

a machine that aerosolized a liquid medication for inhalation

Question 33

percussion

Answer 33

tapping on the body surface to cause vibrations or dislodge mucus

Question 34

pulmonary function testing

Answer 34

a group of tests used to evaluate the condition of the lungs

Question 35

pulse oximeter

Answer 35

a device placed on the fingertip to measure oxygen levels in the blood

Question 36

ventilation

Answer 36

exchange of gasses between the environment and the lungs

Question 37

ventilation-perfusion scan

Answer 37

a scan that tests whether a problem in the lungs is caused by ventilation (airflow) or perfusion (blood flow)