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ephe 355 > hand and wrist > Flashcards

hand and wrist Flashcards

1
Q

how many muscles and bones are in the wrist and hand?

A

muscles = 19 intrinsic, 20 extrinsic
bones = 29
- radius/ ulna
- carpals
- metacarpals
- phalanges

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2
Q

what are the 3 parts of the distal ulna?

A
  1. ulnar styloid process
  2. fovea (attachment point for disc)
  3. pole (articular surface for TFCC articulation of the wrist on the ulnar head)
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3
Q

is the distal ulna in direct contact w carpal bones?

A

no

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4
Q

what is the primary forearm bone of the wrist?

A

distal radius - all weight and power goes through radius

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5
Q

is there more radial or ulnar deviation possible?

A

ulnar - bc w radial deviation scaphoid runs into stylus

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6
Q

where is lister’s tubercle and what does it do?

A

dorsal feature of radius
acts as a pulley, redirects pull for

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7
Q

for which muscles does lister’s tubercle act as a pulley?

A

radial side:
- extrinsic digitorum longus
- extrinsic indices
ulnar side:
- extensor pollicis longus

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8
Q

“digitorum” =

A

all fingers

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9
Q

“indices” =

A

only index

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10
Q

“pollicis” =

A

thumbs up

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11
Q

proximal row of carpal bones

A

scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum, pisiform (sesamoid)

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12
Q

distal row of carpals

A

trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, hamate

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13
Q

are metacarpal shafts curved?

A

yes - with palmar concavity

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14
Q

do the base or head of phalanges have a bigger articular surface?

A

head

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15
Q

shape of base and heads of phalanges:

A

base = biconcave
distal heads = biconylar

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16
Q

how many bones and joints make up the wrist complex?

A

15 bones
17 synovial joints

17
Q

is the wrist very mobile? what secures the joint?

A

highly mobile, secured by many ligaments

18
Q

what type of joint is the distal radioulnar joint?

A

uniaxial synovial pivot joint, 1 DOF

19
Q

action of distal radioulnar joint:

A

pronation/ supination

20
Q

what makes up the distal radioulnar joint?

A

TFCC
oblique fibers of distal interosseous membrane
radioulnar ligaments

21
Q

TFCC
function?

A

triangle shaped on ulnar side
stability stops bones from being ripped apart

22
Q

carpal tunnel

A

underpass for finger flexors to travel
- guides tendons, median nerve, protection for wrist
- syndrome: too much inflammation, scar tissue builds and binds down on nerve and vasculature

23
Q

what type of joint is the radiocarpal joint?
DOF
motion

A

ellipsoid/ condylar synovial
2 DOF
flexion/extension, radial and ulnar deviation

24
Q

midcarpal joint:
what type of joint is formed by the proximal and distal rows?
what type medially vs lateraly?*** ask rachael wtf

A

synovial plane joint
laterally = planar
medially = condylar

25
Q

what gives palm its concave appearance?

A

arches formed by carpals, metacarpals, and ligaments

26
Q

what motion do CMC joints allow?

A

transition from palm flat to fist

27
Q

which CMC joints have the most least motion in order?

A

2<3«4<5

28
Q

1st CMC
what type of joint/ why so much ROM in thumb?

A

synovial saddle joint
both concave and convex
thick but loose capsule

29
Q

how many motions can the 1st CMC do? what are they?

A

6
flex/ex - girl scout/thumbs up
ab/duction - drawbridge/back to palm
opposition/ reposition

30
Q

MCP joint
type
DOF
motions

A

synovial condyloid
2 DOF
flex/ex, ab/dduction

31
Q

what extends the concave base of phalanges?

A

fibrocartilaginous volar plates

32
Q

what covers MC heads?

A

3/4 covered w articular cartilage - extend into volar surface

33
Q

IP joints
joint type
DOF
motion

A

synovial hinge
1 DOF
flex ex
*similar mechanisms as MCP

34
Q

what happens to the volar plate as IP or MCP joints flex? what does this allow for? what does this prevent?

A

volar plate slide proximally under MC - folding of membranous part

allows for large ROM

prevent hyperextension and dorsal subluxation

35
Q

wrist ligaments - where are extrinsic vs intrinsic

A

extrinsic - radius, ulna, metacarpas to carpals
intrinsic - between carpal bones only

ephe 355 (7 decks)

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