Immunity, infection, and inflammation Flashcards
What’s the half life of neutrophils in circulation?
about 6h
How does neutrophils get to the site of inflammation?
Attracted to site by chemokines, slows down by selectins
adhesion occurs by integrin
gets out of circulation by diapedesis
What are some fucntions of basophils?
releases proteins and cytokines
- IgE
- immediate allergic reaction
What are some functions of eosinophils?
- pro inflammatory
- releases proteins, cytokines, and chemokines
- maturation is stimulated by IL3 & 5; GM-CSF
What are the different “names” for monocytes based on location? liver, lungs, brain
How is it activated?
Liver = Kupffer cells
Lungs = alveolar macrophages
Brain = microglia
tissue = macrophages
Activated by cytokines from T cells
What are some molecules released by mast cells?
- IgE, IgG
- TNF-alpha
- part of the innate immunity
What’s the site of maturation for T cells?
Thymus
What’s the site of maturate for B cells?
fetal liver and bone marrow
what are the 4 sub-types of helper T cells and their functions?
Th1 - secretes IL-2 and γ-interferon –> stimulate cellular immunity
Th2 - secrets IL-4 and IL-5 –> interacts with B cells –> humoral immunity; IL-5 for eosinophils
Th17 - secrets IL-6 and IL-17 –> response to bacterial infection, recruit neutrophils –> also part of immune-mediated disease
Treg- secretes IL-10, dampens T cell driven response
Describe innate immunity
recognition of non-self receptors on surface of bacteria/ microorganisms to activate defense mechanisms
- Release of interferons, phagocytosis, antibacterial peptides, activate complement system, proteolytic cascade
Describe adaptive/ acquired immunity
- T and B cells activated for specific antigen
- T cells produce cytokines
- B cells produce antibodies
- production of cell surface receptors
What’s humoral immunity?
- Mediated by circulating immunoglobulin antibodies, produced by plasma cells
- Major defense against bacterial infection
What’s the lifespan of monocytes in circulation and tissue?
Circulation = 10-12h
tissue = as macrophages, months
What’s the lifespan of lymphocytes in circulation?
weeks to months
goes between circulation and LNs
What’s the lifespan of platelets in circulation?
10 days
