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Immunology Quiz Questions > 23 exam 1 > Flashcards

23 exam 1 Flashcards

(75 cards)

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1
Q

the term ‘vaccine’ is derived from the name of a virus that causes what disease?

A

cowpox

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2
Q

a molecule that can be used by the immune system to recognize an invader is called what?

A

antigen

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3
Q

what results in killing most pathogens during phagocytosis?

A

oxidative burst in the phagolysosome

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4
Q

which complement cascades involve the action of C2?

A

classical and lectin

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5
Q

what molecule is the main opsin of the complement cascade?

A

C3b

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6
Q

what molecular signal do Nod-like receptors recognize?

A

cell wall components

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7
Q

which antibody is produced in the primary immune response?

A

IgM

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8
Q

which of the following is NOT a direct function of antibodies in our immune system?

A

cytotoxicity

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9
Q

which of the following immune tissues does not have follicles?

A

thymus

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10
Q

which transcription factor is most important for commitment to T-cell development?

A

notch

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11
Q

which of these would represent an intracellular pathogen?

A

virus

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12
Q

which of the following is an agranulocyte?

A

lymphocyte

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13
Q

which of these is not a secondary lymphoid tissue?

A

thymus

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14
Q

which of these is famous for creating the first vaccine for rabies?

A

Pasteur

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15
Q

during an immune response, B-cells differentiate into what?

A

plasma cells

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16
Q

which of these cell types can arise from both myeloid and lymphoid precursors?

A

dendritic cell

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17
Q

what term refers to a state of being resistant to infection by a pathogen

A

immunity

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18
Q

which of the following is not a chemical barrier in our immune defenses

A

antibodies

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19
Q

the inactivation of the immune response to self antigens is called what

A

tolerance

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20
Q

RIG-1 is a cytosolic receptor that binds to what?

A

viral RNA

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21
Q

what is our immune system’s first line of defense?

A

skin

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22
Q

what term refers to the process where neutrophils leave circulation and enter tissues?

A

diapedesis

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23
Q

which of these is recognized by Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR-4)?

A

lipopolysaccharide

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24
Q

which of the following is not a proinflammatory cytokine?

A

interferon

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25
which of these is true of toll-like receptors?
recognize pathogen-associated patterns
26
which protein must be degraded to allow signaling by Toll-like receptors to the nucleus?
IkB
27
which of these is not typical for an inflammatory response?
coolness
28
defective neutrophil clearance can result in chronic inflammation and the formation of what?
granuloma
29
what is the function of DAF in the complement cascade?
degrade C3 convertase
30
which of the complement cascades acts the fastest?
alternative
31
which complement protein forms the pore in the membrane attack complex?
C9
32
Which of these is not an important function of the complement cascade?
activate apoptosis of infected cells
33
which is the function of properdin in the complement cascade?
stabilize C3 convertase
34
which of these is the C3 convertase in the MBL complement cascade?
C2b4b
35
what is the function a2-macroglobulin in our serum?
sequester proteases
36
which of these proteins is only active in the alternative complement cascade?
Factor B
37
which proteins in the lectin cascade perform the same function as C1q2r2 in classical?
MASP
38
what part of our immune defenses are B-cell associated with?
humoral
39
what process is responsible for most of the diversity in antibody structure?
somatic recombination
40
what chains make up most of our T-cell receptors?
alpha and beta
41
what protein sends a signal via phosphorylation when T-cells are activated?
CD-3
42
what proteins would be found on the surface of a helper T-cell?
T-cell receptor and CD4
43
what sort of cytokine action is illustrated to the right? (molecules are leaving a cell and going to another nearby cell)
paracine
44
antibodies with differing in their antigen binding specificity would be
idiotypes
45
which of these regions is found in the beta chain of the T-cell receptor, but not the alpha chain?
D
46
what is the most important antibody in our mucosal defenses?
IgA
47
what is the progression of steps in T-cell development?
DN -> DP -> SP
48
what is the most important transcription factor for T-cell development?
notch
49
what happens to T-cells during development if they do not bind at all the MHC antigens?
death by neglect
50
which of these is not found in the thymus?
follicle
51
as T-cells enter the thymus from the bone marrow, they are ____
double negative
52
what happens to T-cells during development if they bind very tightly to MHC antigens?
negative selection
53
in our most common type of T-cells, which chain of their T-cell receptor is made first?
beta
54
what enzyme is critical for the process of somatic recombination?
RAG 1/2
55
what cell type does the final screening of newly formed T-cells in the medulla before they are released to circulation?
AIRE
56
bacteria that normally live in and on us are referred to as our ____
microbiota
57
____ is a kind of antibody often associated with hayfever allergies
IgE
58
our immune cells all arise from stem cells found in the ______
bone marrow
59
cells called _____ are tissue-specific phagocytes
macrophage
60
B-cells further differentiate into ____, which produce antibodies
plasma cells
61
lysozyme is an enzyme in our defenses that targets _____
peptidoglycan
62
signal molecules called _____ function as chemattractants for immune cells
chemokines
63
_____ are proteins produced by virally infected cells to warn other cells
interferons
64
caspase 1 in the inflammasome is important for processing _______
pro-IL1
65
The main anaphylotoxin in the complement system is _____
C5a
66
the function of properdin in the complement cascade is to _____ the C3 convertase
stabilize
67
C reactive protein acts as a(n) _____ in our serum
opsin
68
small peptides, called ______, are pore-forming molecules found in our secretions and blood
defensins
69
antigens are presented on MHC class 1 in the ____ pathway
endogenous
70
our immune memory cells are responsible for the rapid activation of the _____ response
secondary
71
T-cells complete their development in the _____
thymus
72
like antibody heavy chains, the T-cell receptor ____ chain contains D exons
beta
73
Gamma Delta T-cells are mostly found in our _____ as adults
mucosa
74
the signaling domain associated with the T-cell receptor is called ____
CD3
75
whereas, ____ is the signaling domain associated with the B-cell receptor
Ig alpha/beta

Immunology Quiz Questions (15 decks)

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