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ANTH 1220 > Last Chapters + Film > Flashcards

Last Chapters + Film Flashcards

1
Q

what is animalism?

A

a religious system organized around a belief in an impersonal supernatural force

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2
Q

what is animism?

A

a religious system organized around a belief that plants, animals, inanimate objects, or natural phenomena have a spiritual or supernatural element

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3
Q

what is anthropomorphic?

A

an object or being that has human characteristics

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4
Q

what is a cargo cult?

A

rituals seeking to attract material prosperity

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5
Q

what is collective effervescence?

A

passion/energy arising when groups of people share the same thoughts and emotions

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6
Q

what is cosmology?

A

an explanation for the origin/history of the world

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7
Q

what is cultural appropriation?

A

act of copying an idea from another culture and in the process distorting its meaning

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8
Q

what is filial piety?

A

a tradition requiring that the young provide care for the elderly and in some cases ancestral spirits

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9
Q

what is magic?

A

practices intended to bring supernatural forces under one’s personal control

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10
Q

what are millenarians?

A

people who believe that major transformations of the world are imminent

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11
Q

what are monotheistic religious systems?

A

recognize a single supreme God

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12
Q

what are polytheistic religious systems?

A

recognize several gods

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13
Q

what are priests?

A

full-time religious practitioners

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14
Q

what is profane?

A

objects/ideas are ordinary and can be treated with disregard/contempt

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15
Q

what is a prophet?

A

someone claiming to have direct communication with eh supernatural realm and who can communicate divine messages to others

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16
Q

what is reincarnation?

A

the idea that a living being can begin another life in a new body after death

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17
Q

what is religion?

A

extension of human society and culture to include the supernatural

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18
Q

what are revitalization rituals?

A

attempts to resolve serious problems through a spiritual/supernatural intervention

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19
Q

what are rites of intensification?

A

actions designed to bring a community together, often following a period of crisis

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20
Q

what are rites of passage?

A

ceremonies designed to transition individuals between life stages

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21
Q

what does it mean for objects/ideas to be sacred?

A

set apart from the ordinary and treated with great respect/care

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22
Q

what is a shaman?

A

a part time religious practitioner who carries out religious rituals when needed, but also participates in the normal work of the community

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23
Q

what is a sorcerer?

A

an individual who seeks to use magic for their own purpose

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24
Q

what is the supernatural?

A

entities/forces not governed by natural laws

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25
Q

what does zoomorphic mean?

A

an object or being that has animal characteristics

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26
Q

what is a commodity chain?

A

series of steps a food takes from location where it’s produced to the store where it’s sold to consumers

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27
Q

what is an ethnoscape?

A

flow of people across boundaries

28
Q

what is financescape?

A

flow of money across political borders

29
Q

what is the Global North?

A

wealthier countries of the world (aka First World countries)

30
Q

what is the Global South?

A

poorest countries of the world

31
Q

what is glocalization?

A

adaptation of global ideas into locally palatable forms

32
Q

what are habitus?

A

dispositions, attitudes, or preferences that are learned basis for personal taste and lifestyles

33
Q

what is an ideoscape?

A

global flow of ideas

34
Q

what is a mediascape?

A

flow of media across borders

35
Q

what is neoliberalism?

A

ideology of free-market capitalism emphasizing privatization and unregulated markets

36
Q

what is syncretism?

A

combo of different beliefs, even those that are seemingly contradictory, into a new harmonious whole

37
Q

what is technoscape?

A

global flows of technology

38
Q

what is cultural infrastructure?

A

values and beliefs of communities, states, and/or societies that make the imagining of a particular type of network possible

39
Q

what is fabrication?

A

technique for reporting on research data involving mixing info provided by various people into a narrative account demonstrating the point of focus for researchers

40
Q

what is Indigenous media?

A

media produced by and for Indigenous communities often outside of the commercial mainstream

41
Q

what is mass communication?

A

one-to-many communication that privileges the sender and/or owner of the technology transmitting the media

42
Q

what is media?

A

set of technologies connecting multiple people at one time to shared content

43
Q

what are media practices?

A

habits/behaviours of people producing media, the audiences interacting, and everyone in between

44
Q

what is technical infrastructure?

A

apparatuses bringing networks of technology into existence

45
Q

what is photo voice?

A

research method putting cameras into people’s hands so they can make their own representations of their lives and activities

46
Q

what are adaptive traits?

A

those that increase capacity to survive and reproduce

47
Q

what is bicultural evolution?

A

interactions between biology and culture that have influenced human evolution

48
Q

what is biomedical?

A

approach to medicine based on the application of insights from science

49
Q

what is communal healing?

A

directs the combined efforts of the community toward treating illness

50
Q

what is culture-bound syndrome?

A

illness recognized only within a specific culture

51
Q

what is emotionalistic explanation?

A

illnesses are caused by strong emotions

52
Q

what is epidemiological transition?

A

sharp drop in mortality rates as a result of improved sanitation and access to healthcare

53
Q

what is ethno-etiology?

A

cultural explanations about the underlying causes of health problems

54
Q

what is ethnomedicine?

A

comparative study of cultural ideas about wellness, illness, and healing

55
Q

what is humeral healing?

A

seeks to treat illness by achieving a balance between the forces of the body

56
Q

what are maladaptive traits?

A

decrease capacity to survive and reproduce

57
Q

what is medical anthropology?

A

distinct sub-speciality within the discipline of anthro investigating human health and health care systems in comparative perspective

58
Q

what is naturalistic ethno-etiology?

A

views disease as the result of natural forces

59
Q

what is personalistic ethno-etiology?

A

views disease as the result of the actions of human/supernatural beings

60
Q

what is the placebo effect?

A

response to treatment occurring because the person receiving the treatment believes it will work, not because of the treatment itself

61
Q

what is a somatic?

A

symptoms that are physical manifestations of emotional pain

62
Q

what’s a zoonotic?

A

diseases that have origins in animals and are transmitted to humans

63
Q

what are the characteristics of the Sundance?

A
  • annual ritual
  • originated as initiation/rite of passage for boys becoming men
  • among foragers
  • communitive healing
64
Q

why did the government attempt to wipe out the buffalo herds and how is this connected to the Sundance?

A
  • plains communities were dependent on buffalo for many resources and were spiritually grounded in them
  • efforts for Indigenous people to be civilized
65
Q

how did Sundancers rationalize the transfer of what was originally a Plains tradition to the East Coast?

A

unity

ANTH 1220 (11 decks)

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