Manipulating Genomes Flashcards
why do we use buffer solution in gel electrophoresis
as solution carries charge
why is protease added
used to breakdown proteins associated with dna
what does pcr do
it amplifies dna
at different range of lengths
electrophoresis
puts dna pieces in size order
to read base sequence
why might maximum rate if pcr not occur
temperature damage to DNA strand
separated strands rejoin rather than binding to primers
lack of primers
primers fail to anneal
why does dna sequencing allow for sequence of polypeptide to be predicted
as the order of bases codes for the order of amino acids and each triplet codes for one amino acid
bioinformatics
allows access to large amounts of data on dna and proteins so can be used to identify sources of outbreaks and vulnerable populations
how can we obtain genes
via chemical synthesis and polynucleotdie sequencing
why are genomes fragmented before sequecing
as the genome is very large and improves accuracy
somatic gene therapy
Somatic cell gene therapy uses body cells and its effects are short lived and cannot be passed on to offspring. Somatic cell gene therapy alleviates genetic disease in one individual and requires repeat treatments to be effective
gene is introduced in body
germ line therapy
uses gametes and produces and embryo banned for ethical reasons
gene is introduced in sperm
why does restriction enzymes digest dna
to cut genome dna into smaller pieces and to cut vectors
