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brain explosion > lecture exam 3 pt.2 (endocrine) > Flashcards

lecture exam 3 pt.2 (endocrine) Flashcards

1
Q

endocrine system

A
  • works with nervous to maintain homeostasis
  • uses hormones to carry messages
  • body reacts slowly to changes
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2
Q

nervous system

A
  • neurotransmitters are used to carry messages
  • system reacts quickly to changes
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3
Q

endocrine glands

A
  • ductless
  • direct to bloodstream
  • examples: pancreas, thyroid, adrenal
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4
Q

exocrine glands

A
  • ducts
  • onto epithelial surfaces
  • examples: pancreas, sweat, salivary
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5
Q

negative feedback

A

helpful; hormones released to maintain homeostasis

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6
Q

positive feedback

A

encourages for more production of hormones to direct away from homeostasis

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7
Q

hypothalamus

A
  • makes hormones for production of anterior pituitary gland hormones and to be stored in posterior pituitary gland
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8
Q

anterior pituitary

A
  • produces hormones (prolactin)
  • connected to hypothalamus by blood vessels
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9
Q

posterior pituitary

A
  • stores ADH and oxytocin
  • connected to hypothalamus by nerve fibers
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10
Q

GH

A
  • growth hormone
  • regulates metabolism of proteins, lipid, and carbs in all body cells
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11
Q

prolactin

A

triggers and maintains lactation

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12
Q

TSH

A
  • thyroid stimulating hormone
  • gets thyroid to produce hormones
  • produced by anterior pituitary gland
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13
Q

ACTH

A
  • Adrenocorticotropic hormone
  • growth and development of adrenal cortex and release of hormones
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14
Q

FSH

A
  • Follicle-stimulating hormone
  • oogenesis, estrogen production
  • spermatogenesis
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15
Q

LH

A
  • follicle development in ovary
  • testosterone production
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16
Q

ADH

A
  • released when dehydration is detected
  • concentrated urine is created from release
  • causes diabetes insipidus
17
Q

oxytocin

A
  • uterine contractions
  • milk letdown
  • parturition and lactation
18
Q

thyroid gland

A
  • thyroid hormone and calcitonin
  • T4: thyroxine pro hormone
  • T3: active hormone
19
Q

effects of thyroid hormones

A

*metabolism
- hyperglycemia
- cardiac output increases heart rate
- growth of bones and muscles
- maintain body temp and metabolism
- gut motility
- hair growth and healthy skin

20
Q

calcitonin

A
  • maintain blood calcium by PTH and vitamin D
21
Q

PTH

A

blood calcium
affects kidneys and bones

22
Q

adrenal cortex

A
  • stimulated by ACTH
  • glucocorticoids (handling stress)
  • mineralocorticoids (electrolyte balance)
  • sex hormones
23
Q

hyperadrenocorticism

A
  • pituitary tumor from too much ACTH and cortisol
  • iatrogenic
  • screen tests only to diagnosis and only treat medically
24
Q

signs of hyperadrenocorticism

A

polyphagia
hepatomegaly
alopecia
weight gain

24
Q

adrenal medulla

A

epinephrine and norepinephrine
fight or flight - sympathetic nervous system

25
Q

pancreas endocrine functions

A
  • produce glucagon, insulin, and somatostatin
26
Q

pancreas exocrine functions

A

digestive enzymes

27
Q

insulin

A

lowers blood glucose

28
Q

glucagon

A

raises blood glucose

29
Q

testosterone

A

male functions from testes

30
Q

estrogen and progesterone

A

controlled by FSH and LH from ovaries; prep for breeding and pregnancy and pregnancy maintenance

31
Q

kidneys

A

EPO; RBC production

32
Q

hyperthyroidism

A

increases cardiac output
T4 very elevated
affects kidney filtration
eating more and losing weight

33
Q

diabetes

A

polyuria
high blood glucose
eating and drinking more but losing weight

34
Q

antidiuretic hormone

A

hydration

35
Q

T/F sympathetic nerve stimulation inhibits digestion

A

true

36
Q

pampiniform plexus

A

made up of veins

37
Q

master endocrine gland

A

pituitary

38
Q

3 methods of controlling hormone secretion

A

direct nervous system stimulation
negative feedback
positive feedback

brain explosion (10 decks)

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