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Environmental Physiology Final > Chrono-physiology > Flashcards

Chrono-physiology Flashcards

1
Q

What is circadian rhythm

A

Body clocks - central and peripheral

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2
Q

Disruptions of circadian rhythm

A

Jetlag
Shiftwork
Health impacts

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3
Q

Chronobiology

A

The study of biological rhythms

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4
Q

Circannual

A

> 1 year

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5
Q

Circamensal

A

~ 1 month

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6
Q

Infradian

A

> 24 hours

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7
Q

Circadian

A

~ 24 hours

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8
Q

Ultradian

A

< 24 hours

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9
Q

Describe zeitgebers

A

The body clock in entrained to these which are “time givers”

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10
Q

Zeitgebers examples

A

Light-dark cycle
Food
Social interaction
Work schedule
Exercise

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11
Q

Divide the body clock into two parts

A

Central (suprachiasmatic nucleus)
Peripheral (cardiovascular, metabolic, endocrine, immune, reproductive)

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12
Q

Describe dim light melatonin onset

A
  1. Melatonin production increases in the evening
  2. Melatonin levels peak in the middle of the night
  3. Melatonin levels fall to normal daytime low by early morning
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13
Q

Desynchronization of circadian rhythm causes

A

Fatigue
Loss of appetite
inability to sleep - indigestion/nausea
Poor mental performance
Irritability
Poor physical performance
Headaches
Disorientation
Mental confusion

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14
Q

Describe East and West travels

A

West is easier to adjust, east is harder

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15
Q

Why is west easier?

A

Less symptoms
Difficulty staying asleep
Easier for owls

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16
Q

Why is east harder?

A

More symptoms
Difficulty falling asleep
Easier for larks

17
Q

Ways to adjust to jetlag

A

Short naps
Melatonin supplementation
Meal timing and composition
Bright-light exposure
Physical activity and relaxation

18
Q

Shift work and sleep debt acute problems

A

Decreased attention
Impaired sports performance
Worsened mood
Poor memory consolidation
Higher accident rates due to increased sleep inertia and decreased vigilance
Learning deficits in adolescents due to disturbed sleep patterns

19
Q

Shift work and sleep debt long term problems

A

Atherosclerosis
Dyslipidemia
Insulin resistance
Inactivity
Smoking
Excess weight
Cardiovascular disease
Metabolic disease
Coronary disease
Cancers

Environmental Physiology Final (5 decks)

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