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Musculoskeletal D&P > Quiz 3.3 > Flashcards

Quiz 3.3 Flashcards

1
Q

Hip

A

The junction between the passenger and locomotor units

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2
Q

Ligaments of hip

A

Iliofemoral, pubofemoral

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3
Q

Iliotibial Tract (band)

A

Strong, fibrous connection between the TFL and condyles of femur, tibia, and head of fibula
Stabilized knee in extension & partial flexion

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4
Q

ITB Syndrome

A

Pain, swelling/thickening above/below knee at rubbing points
Pain often occurs when contact with ground occurs
Common in Runners, cyclers, hikers

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5
Q

Hip anterior muscles & adductors

A

Psoas major, iliacus, adductor brevis longus magnus, pectineus, gracilis

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6
Q

External rotator hip muscles

A

6
All insert near greater troch and originate at/below acetabulum
PIRIFORMIS

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7
Q

Piriformis syndrome

A

Irritation of the sciatic nerve to tight piriformis
Pain in butt, tingling or numbness along sciatic nerve
“Sciatica” from lower back or tight piriformis
Often found in run/bike because many repetitions of hip extension leads to tight Piriformis

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8
Q

Other hip muscles

A

Sartorius, RF, HAMS

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9
Q

Gluteus Maximus

A

Hip extensor & Abductor

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10
Q

Gracilis

A

Hip flexor & Adductor

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11
Q

Rectus Femoris

A

Hip & Knee Flexor

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12
Q

Semimembranosus (HAMS)

A

Hip Extensor & knee flexor

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13
Q

Semitendinosus (HAMS)

A

Hip extensor & knee flexor

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14
Q

Biceps Femoris (long head) (HAMS)

A

Hip extensor & knee flexor

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15
Q

Knee Joint

A

Largest joint of body
Femur, Tibia, Fibula, Patella

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16
Q

Patella

A

Site of insertion for Quad; Allows tendons of muscles to slide over femoral condyles
Its movement allows us to increase perp. distance from AOR so we can reduce force while producing equal torque
Amount of articulation of patella and femur changes with flexion angle

17
Q

Motions of knee

A

3 DOF
Frontal plane: AB/AD; limited
Transverse: Int/ext rot; limited
Sagittal: Flex/ext: largest ROM

18
Q

Knee function

A

Transition GRFs upward to thigh muscles during locomotion

19
Q

Tibiofemoral joint

A

Medial and lateral condyles articulate with tibial condyles
“knee”

20
Q

Patellofemoral Joint

A

Anterior femur articulates with patella
Protects from anterior knee trauma
Increase MA of quad which allows for max torque production

21
Q

5 ligaments of knee

A

Lateral and medial Collateral lig (LCL & MCL)
Anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments (ACL & PCL)
Anteriolateral ligament (ALL)

22
Q

Primary similarity between ACL and PCL

A

Resist sagittal plane movement

23
Q

Characteristics of ACL

A

Resists forward movement of tibia
Originates at lateral condyle femur
Inserts on tibia
2 bundles: Anteromedial, posterolateral
Injury more common because can happen with no contact or force from behind
Anterior drawer test

24
Q

Characteristics of PCL

A

Resists movement of tibia backwards
Originates on posterior intercondylar Tibia
Inserts on medial condyle Femur
One bundle
Injury less common because we are better at absorbing force coming from in front of us
Posterior drawer test

25
Q

Can ACL heal itself

A

Does have blood supply and innervation, doesn’t get blood from bony attachments
BUT full tear ends cannot reattach
Healing on its own leads to over stretching and weaker than original which could lead to re-tears

26
Q

Why does ACL strengthening focus on HAMS

A

They prevent tibia from moving forward because they insert on post. tibia so can help ACL handle force

27
Q

ACL Repair vs. reconstruction

A

Repair: Partial tear, just reattach
Reconstruct: Replacing torn ACL with harvested tendon

28
Q

Unhappy triad

A

Injury to knee involving 3 ligaments
ACL, MCL, Medial meniscus
Occurs when force applied while foot is fixed and force applied above/below knee (often with rotation)

29
Q

Menisci

A

Reduce bone-bone contact between femur and tibia; disperses body weight and reduces friction
Medial and lateral
Medial larger because more force occurs through midline due to body weight distribution

30
Q

Bursae

A

Fat sacks in knee
Suprapatellar
Prepatellar
Infrapatellar
Semimembranosus

31
Q

Menisci structure

A

Wedge shape, thicker on periphery for stability in frontal plane as weight shifts, keeps femoral condyle alignment
Outer third has blood supply, inner 2/3 has no blood supply

32
Q

Medial meniscus

A

Pulled posterior by semimembranosus

33
Q

Lateral Meniscus

A

Pulled posterior by popliteus

34
Q

Menisci function

A

Reduce compressive stress, stabilize joint during motion, guide knee, shock absorption, proprioception

35
Q

Popliteus muscle

A

Unlocks knee when flexion is initiated by laterally rotating femur
“Dropping groomsmen”
At full leg extension knee locks because femur medially rotates

36
Q

Why does medial head of gastrocnemius produce greater force

A

Medial is used more in walking because we push off big toe (medial) and our mass is more medial
Greater pennation angle on medial head

37
Q

Plantaris

A

Knee flexor & plantar flexor
More knee focus

38
Q

Gastrocnemius

A

Knee flexor & Plantar flexor
More ankle focus

Musculoskeletal D&P (19 decks)

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