The Sea

Question 1

Constructive waves

Answer 1

Everyday waves, strong wash and weak backwash, deposit material on beach

Question 2

Destructive waves

Answer 2

Stormy weather, weak swash and strong backwash, able to erode and deposit

Question 3

Swash

Answer 3

Wave that crashes onto beach

Question 4

Backwash

Answer 4

Wave that re-enters sea

Question 5

Hydraulic action

Answer 5

Power of water eroding as it crashes against the coast

Question 6

Abrasion

Answer 6

Stones in the water thrown against the coast, eroding it

Question 7

Compressed air

Answer 7

Air in rocks trapped by incoming waves, the air puts pressure on the rocks, the air in the rocks expands when the wave retreats causing the rocks to shatter

Question 8

Attrition

Answer 8

Stones carried by the water hitting off one another

Question 9

Solution

Answer 9

Rocks being dissolved by water

Question 10

Bay

Answer 10

Wide curved opening in the coast

Question 11

Headland

Answer 11

Area of land beside a bay that juts out into the sea

Question 12

How does a bay and headlands form?

Answer 12

A band of soft rock e.g limestone, between two bands of hard rock e.g granite, the sea erodes the softer rock quicker

Question 13

Groynes

Answer 13

Concrete or wooden walls built out into the sea, reducing longshore drift by trapping the sediment carried by waves

Question 14

Sea walls

Answer 14

Walls to break the power of the wave from eroding the coast, curved at the top to push wave back out to sea

Question 15

Gabions

Answer 15

Steel wire cages filled with stones doing the same job as sea walls

Question 16

Rock armour

Answer 16

Large rocks or boulder at the back of a beach also doing the same job as a sea wall

Question 17

Longshore drift

Answer 17

When beach material is shifted as a result of waves coming to the shore at an angle