The Endocrine System Flashcards
What is a gland?
A group of cells that are specialised to secrete hormones
What two things can stimulate a gland?
A change in concentration of a specific substance or by electrical impulses
What is the Hypothalamus and what does it to?
“Is a _______ ______ for many systems, including many ___________ _________”
-Is not a gland but has a controlling effect via the pituitary gland
-Is a control centre for many systems, including many homeostasis functions
What hormones does the Hypothalamus produce?
-Oxytocin
-Anti-diuretic hormone
-Dopamine
*Doesn’t release them!
When is anti-diuretic hormone released and what does it do?
-Released when dehydrated
-Causes the collecting duct to become permeable and reabsorb water
What hormones does the Pituitary Gland produce?
-Growth hormone
-Thyroid-stimulating hormone
-Follicle-stimulating hormone
-Luteinizing hormone
-Prolactin
Where is the Pituitary Gland located?
Underneath the Hypothalamus
What hormones does the Pituitary Gland store and release?
-Oxytocin
-Anti-diuretic hormone
Where is the Adrenal Gland located?
Above the Kidneys
What hormones does the Adrenal Gland produce?
They secrete hormones involved in the regulation of metabolism and the immune system
-Aldosterone
-Glucocorticoids (Cortisol)
-Adrenaline and Noradrenaline
Where is the Thyroid located?
In the neck, it’s 2 inches long and is a butterfly shape
What hormones does the Thyroid produce?
Produces hormones that help regulate the body’s metabolism
-Calcitonin (balance calcium levels)
-Thyroxine (metabolism)
Where is the Parathyroid located?
At the back of the Thyroid (in the neck)
What hormone does the Parathyroid produce and what does it do?
-Parathyroid hormone
-Helps to maintain calcium levels in the blood stream
What hormones do the Ovaries produce?
-Oestrogen (repairing and thickening the uterus)
-Progesterone (maintains lining of the uterus)
