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Biology B1 > B1.3 > Flashcards

B1.3 Flashcards

1
Q

what are carbohydrates needed for?

A

energy

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2
Q

what are proteins needed fro?

A

growth and repair

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3
Q

what are lipids needed for?

A

insulation and energy

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4
Q

metabollic rate

A

the speed at which chemical reactions take place in the body

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5
Q

synthesis

A

build something up

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6
Q

hydrolisis

A

break something apart

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7
Q

what does limewater test for?

A

the presence of CO2

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8
Q

where does aerobic respiration occur?

A

in the mitochondria

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9
Q

what kind of reaction is respiring?

A

chemical and exothermic reaction

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10
Q

anaerobic respiration

A

the process of transferring energy from glucose in the absence of oxygen

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11
Q

what influences your metabolic rate?

A

-age
-gender
-exercise
-inherited factors

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12
Q

lipids

A

fats and oils, large molecules made from small units of fatty acids and glycerol

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13
Q

carbohydrates

A

made from simple sugars

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14
Q

name some monosaccharides

A

glucose and fructose

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15
Q

name a disaccharide

A

sucrose

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16
Q

name some polysaccharides

A

starch and glycogen

17
Q

proteins

A

made from amino acids

18
Q

what is energy used for in the body?

A

-synthesis of polymers
-movement
-to stay warm

19
Q

aerobic respiration symbol equation

A

C6H1206 + 602 –> 6CO2 + 6H2O + ATP

20
Q

what is the energy from respiration used for?

A

-active transport of substances in and out of cells
-DNA replication
-muscle contractions

21
Q

what types of anaerobic respiration are there?

A

-respiration in humans
-fermentation in yeast cells

22
Q

how does anaerobic respiration work?

A

-during strenuous exercise your heart rate cannot increase fast enough to meet the oxygen demand for the cells
-the body transfers energy from glucose by anaerobic respiration without oxygen

23
Q

symbol equation for anaerobic respiration

A

C6H12O6 –> C3H6O3 + ATP

24
Q

lactic acid

A

-toxic to cells
-oxygen reacts with lactic acid and breaks it down
-heavy breathing allows you to inhale extra oxygen
-the oxygen needed for this is called the oxygen debt

25
Q

what does anaerobic respiration in plants produce?

A

ethanol + carbon dioxide

26
Q

chemical test for starch

A

iodine solution

27
Q

what colour does iodine turn if starch is present?

A

brown / black

28
Q

chemical test for protein

A

biurets solution

29
Q

what colour does biurets solution turn if proteins are present?

A

violet

30
Q

chemical test for reducing sugars

A

benedicts solution–> must heat in water bath for two minutes

31
Q

what colour does benedicts solution turn if reducing sugars are present?

A

brown / orange

32
Q

chemical test for lipids

A

-ethanol
-pour the mixture into another test tube containing water and shake vigorously

33
Q

what colour does ethanol turn if lipids are present?

A

cloudy

Biology B1 (5 decks)

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