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Social Studies 8 > Edo Japan > Flashcards

Edo Japan Flashcards

1
Q

Feudal system

A

Based on land, controlled domains, local lords

Class determined by birth

No social mobility but lower ranks improve situations by hard work, etc

Strict rules governed by the behaviour of each class

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2
Q

Feudal Hierarchy

A

Emperor

Shogun

Daimyo

Samurai

Peasants

Artisans

Merchants

Outcasts & Ainu

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3
Q

Daimyo

A

Powerful Japanese noble and landowner

Competed for territory and power

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4
Q

Emperor

A

Supreme ruler of Japan

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5
Q

Shogun

A

A military ruler in feudal Japan

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6
Q

Shogunate

A

A council of advisors to the shogun

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7
Q

Tokugawa leyasu

A

Defeated the rival daimyo in great battle

In 1603 the emperor made him Shogun of Japan

To ensure he stayed shogun he put many rules in place like Alternate Attendance rule

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8
Q

Alternate Attendance rule

A

Required the daimyo to maintain 2 houses which costs a lot (restricts wealth)

Had to leave family members behind in Edo when they leave

If suspected of any uprisings family members would be killed

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9
Q

The Bakuhan system

A

Level one: The Shogunate

Controlled foreign relations

Shogun personally owned 1/4 of all lands, mines, ports and cities in Japan

Level two: The Daimyo

Collected taxes

Controlled and paid for local affairs which used up a lot of money

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10
Q

How did the shogun control personal lives?

A

Dress laws

Marriage laws

Secret police

Renovation laws

Weapons laws

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11
Q

Dress laws

A

Prevented what certain classes could wear, preventing class mixing

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12
Q

Marriage laws

A

The shogun had to approve all marriages

Preventing daimyo families from making unwanted alliances

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13
Q

Secret Police

A

Find dissenters and punish them

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14
Q

Renovation laws

A

Daimyo can’t modify their castles without shogun’s permission

Preventing defences being built

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15
Q

Weapon laws

A

Commoners we’re forbidden from owning any kind of weapons

Prevent Daimyo from raising up armies

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16
Q

Samurai

A

Live in castles controlled by the shogun/daimyo they served

Only they can have swords (small one to cut head, big one to cut in half)

Serve in battle and officers in town

Had privilege but forbidden from trade and business

Live simple lived had no other choice

17
Q

Peasants

A

Farmed the land

Important because they produce the food for society

Laws controlled their whole life

Forbidden to smoke tobacco or drink rice wine

Need special permission to travel outside district

18
Q

Artisans

A

Extremely skilled but ranked lower than peasants

This is because they need other materials to be produced for them first

Objects artisans made were useful and beautiful

19
Q

Merchants

A

Bought items from artisans to trade or sell

Arranged for the shipping and distribution of food and stored rice in their warehouses

Similar to bankers because rice was their currency

Since they don’t produce anything they are ranked lower

20
Q

Outcasts

A

This class was shamed because of their work
Their work in some way involved death: butchers, dispose animal carcasses

Weren’t allowed to change jobs

Weren’t allowed to enter a peasants home

Weren’t allowed to be in a city after 8 pm

21
Q

Ainu

A

Indigenous people of northern Japan (Hokkaido)

Lived in Ezochi separate from the rest of Japan

The Japanese started to take over their lands later becoming Hokkaido

They attempted to assimilate the Ainu

Restricted their living only on lands the government gave them

22
Q

Women in society

A

The class a woman is born into determines her responsibilities

Women in rural areas have more freedom than upper class women

Women were always considered lower than men

Women didn’t have legal existence during the Edo period: couldn’t own property

23
Q

Samurai virtues

A

Honour

Bravery

Unquestioning loyalty

Self discipline

Self denial

24
Q

Samurai schools

A

Stressed filial piety/devotion to the parents on to the students

25
Q

Roles of duty and obligation

A

Ruler to Subject

Father to Children

Husband to Wife

Older brother to Younger brother

Friend to Friend

The first role is to be wise and nuts and protect and support the other

The second role is to obey, respect and honour the other

26
Q

Gonin Gumi

A

The lower classes were in groups of five families

Everyone could be punished if one is disobedient

These members are supposed to help each other

27
Q

Seppuku

A

Initial suicide performed in Japan as an alternative to public shame

Samurais had the privilege to commit sepukku if the failed others

28
Q

What were the traditional arts in Japan?

A

Kabuki

Japanese tea ceremony

Sumo wrestling

Bunraku

Woodblock prints

Martial arts

29
Q

The floating worlds

A

Cultural activities took place in these areas of the cities

The rules are more relaxed here

They let the shogun keep this area open but under surveillance

Used to catch people planning bad things or saying something drunk

Social Studies 8 (9 decks)

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