Male Reproductive System

Question 1

primary sex organs

Answer 1

testes, produce sex cells and secrete sex hormones

Question 2

accessory reprodiuctive organs

Answer 2

ducts, glands, external genitalia

Question 3

androgens

Answer 3

sex hormones that control development and function of reproductive organs, influence sexual behavior and sex drive

Question 4

testes

Answer 4

produce sperm, 400 million per day

Question 5

epididymis

Answer 5

contains a coiled duct, sperm stored and mature here

Question 6

ductus deferens

Answer 6

from epididymis to ampulla, joins seminal vesicle to form short ejaculatory duct

Question 7

urethra

Answer 7

terminal portion of male duct system

Question 8

teste lobule

Answer 8

contains 1-4 tightly coiled seminiferous tubules

Question 9

tubulus rectus

Answer 9

tubules from lobules converge, send sperm into rete testis, then efferent ductule, then duct od epidymsis

Question 10

intersitial cells/leydig cells

Answer 10

surround seminiferous tubules, produce androgens, #1 is test

Question 11

spermatogensis

Answer 11

process of making sperm, 64-72 days

Question 12

steps of spermatogenesis

Answer 12

1. spermatogonia divide by mitosis producing more spermatogonia until puberty
2. at puberty-spermatogensis occurs, contrine to divide by mitos byt produces 2 daughter cells
3. primary spermatocyte foes through meiiosis 1, producing 2 secondary spermtocytes
4. go through meiosis 2 producing 4 haploid spermatids
5. spermatides shed excess cytoplasm and form a tail
6. final spem

Question 13

two daughter cells

Answer 13

type a daughter cells, type b daughter cells

Question 14

type A daughter cells

Answer 14

remains as apermatogonia

Question 15

type B daughter cell

Answer 15

becomes primary spermatocyte

Question 16

secondary spermatocytes

Answer 16

haploids, after primary spermatocyte goes through meiosis

Question 17

final sperm

Answer 17

head with dna, mitochondira neck, tail

Question 18

mitosis

Answer 18

46 chromosomes in 1 cell to two cells with 46

Question 19

meiosis

Answer 19

46 chromosomes to 4 cells with 23

Question 20

diploid

Answer 20

2n, 46

Question 21

haploid

Answer 21

n, 23, sperm and oocyte

Question 22

sustentocytes

Answer 22

surround spermatodonia and daughter cells, deliver nutrients, move daughter cells towards lumen and secrete testicular fluid

Question 23

testicular fluid

Answer 23

rich in androgens, transport for sperm

Question 24

sperm entering oocyte

Answer 24

1. sperm cell weaves its way past granulosa cells aided by hyalurodiate enzymes
2. binding of sperm to ZP3 causes a rise in Ca levels triggering acrosomal reaction
3. acrosomal enzymes digest holes through zona pellucida
4. sperm binds
5. sperm and oocyte plasma membrane fuse allowing sperm contents to enter into oocyte cytoplasm
6. block to polyspermy

Question 25

hormonal regulation of sperm

Answer 25

1. Hypothalamus releases GnRH
2. Goes to Ant. Pit. which releases FSH and LH

Question 26

FSH

Answer 26

stimulates sustenocytes to release ABP, keeps test. levels near spermatogenci cells, which then stimulate spermatogensis

Question 27

LH

Answer 27

binds to intersitial cells which stimulates release of test.

Question 28

negative feedback from testosterone

Answer 28

inhibits FSh adn LH

Question 29

inhibin

Answer 29

released by sustenocytes feeds back on ant. pit. decreasing FSh

Question 30

GnRH

Answer 30

gonadotrophin releasing hormone

Question 31

ABP

Answer 31

androgen binding protein