13.3 The Vascular Pathway

Question 1

What is the cardiovascular system?

Answer 1

system including two circuits:
pulmonary circuit:
-circulates blood through the lungs
systemic circuit:
-which serves the needs of body tissues

note: both are necessary to homeostasis.

Question 2

how does blood move through the pulmonary circuit?

Answer 2

• blood collects at right atrium
• then passes into right ventricle which pumps into the pulmonary trunk
• then the trunk divides into right and left pulmonary arteries towards the lungs
• arterioles take blood to pulmonary capillaries where CO2 is given off and O2 is picked up.
• blood passes to pulmonary vein that enters the left atrium

Question 3

what do veins and arteries carry in Pulmonary circuit

Answer 3

pulmonary veins
-carry high oxygenated blood to the heart
pulmonary arteries
-carry low oxygenated blood to the lungs

Question 4

where does the superior VC & inferior collect blood from

Answer 4

superior VC:
the head
the chest
the arms
Inferior VC:
lower body

Question 5

Where does the pathway for the systemic circuit begin

Answer 5

beings in the left ventricle then pumps blood into the aorta

Question 6

describe the pathway of blood to and from the lower legs

Answer 6

left ventricle - aorta - common iliac artery - femoral artery - lower leg capillaries - femoral vein - common iliac vein - inferior vena cava - right atrium

Question 7

what are the first branches off the aorta

Answer 7

• the coronary arteries
• originate just above the aortic SL valve and lie on the exterior of the heart
• then divides into arterioles

Question 8

What is blood pressure

Answer 8

blood pressure is the pressure of blood against the wall of a blood vessel
-decreases with distance from left ventricle
-

Question 9

where is BP highest and lowest

Answer 9

highest- aorta

lowest- vena cava

Question 10

what happens if BP decreases

Answer 10

-causes the blood velocity to gradually decrease as it flows toward the capillaries

Question 11

Why does the blood move slow in capillaries

Answer 11

-to allow time for substance exchanging between the blood in the capillaries and in the tissue

Question 12

what happens when skeletal muscles contract

Answer 12

• compress the weak walls of the veins

- blood to move past the next valve

Question 13

why is it good for someone to faint when their muscles aren’t contracting.

Answer 13

fainting is caused by blood being collecting in the limbs & depriving the person blood flow and o2 to the brain
-fainting sets the person in a horizontal position in getting blood back to the head