Trauma Emergencies (Cardiac Tamponade, Abd. Injuries)

Question 1

If the test is positive, the patient is prepared for _____.

Answer 1

laparotomy

Question 2

> 10mmHg drop in SBP occurring in inspiration

Answer 2

Pulsus Paradoxus

Question 3

If pelvic fracture is suspected, don’t insert catheter until the integrity of _____ is ensured.

Answer 3

urethra

Question 4

If _____ of blood is obtained or the fluid contains bile, feces, or particulate matter, the test is considered POSITIVE.

Answer 4

> 10mL

Question 5

True or False: If there is an impaled object in the abdomen, remove it.

Answer 5

False; leave it there.

Question 6

It is a life-threatening condition defined as major compression of all four chambers of the heart.

Answer 6

Cardiac Tamponade

Question 7

It is what pain at the suspected point indicates and
absent or silent bowel sounds accompanies.

Answer 7

Peritoneal Irritation

Question 8

Pain radiating to
left shoulder: _________
right shoulder: _________

Answer 8

Kehr’s sign
may be a sign of blood beneath the left diaphragm
can result from laceration of the liver

Question 9

If no blood is present, a catheter is attached to the IV tubing: ______ of solution is infused.

Answer 9

500-1000mL

Question 10

Alternating high and low voltage, with decrease amplitude of QRS complex and T wave abnormalities in ECG.

Answer 10

Electrical Alterans

Question 11

The test is _____: if there is aspiration of free blood, bile, feces, or food particles, and presence of RBC, WBC, and amylase under microscopic exam.

Answer 11

positive

Question 12

It accounts for the injuries hitting the visceral (hollow or solid) organs in the abdominal cavity.

Answer 12

Abdominal Injuries

Question 13

Damage to:
hollow organ: _________
solid organ: _________

Answer 13

acute peritonitis leading to shock in few hours
lethal hemorrhage

Question 14

A slight bluish discoloration around the navel, is a sign of _____.

Answer 14

Cullen’s sign; hemoperitoneum

Question 15

Low BP
Distension of the jugular veins
Muffled or diminished heart sounds on auscultation

Answer 15

Beck’s Triad

Question 16

_____ and _____ are indicative of significant intraabdominal injury.

Answer 16

Rebound tenderness; board like rigidity

Question 17

It is the removal of excess fluid in the pericardial sac due to pericardial effusion secondary to trauma or other pathologic conditions.

Answer 17

Pericardiocentesis

Question 18

Medical interventions for cardiac tamponade:

Answer 18

Pericardiocentesis
Open Heart Surgery
Fluids
Inotropic Drugs

Question 19

A positive digital rectal exam with blood indicates trauma to the _____.

Answer 19

intestines

Question 20

Equipment for peritoneal lavage:

Answer 20

Peritoneal dialysis tray
Peritoneal catheter
Sterile solution PLR
IV tubing and pole
Local anesthetic
Sterile gloves

Question 21

Diagnostic for abdominal injury

Answer 21

FAST UTZ
(Focused Assessment on Sonography for Trauma)

Question 22

Anatomically, the pericardial sac contains pericardial fluid of about _____, accumulation of _____ in the pericardial sac may cause cardiac tamponade.

Answer 22

50mL; 150mL - 1L

Question 23

A slight bluish discoloration of the flank area, usually indicated injury to the _____ or _____.

Answer 23

Turner’s sign; pancreas or kidneys

Question 24

Mechanism may cross the diaphragm and enter the chest.

Answer 24

Penetrating Abdominal Injury

Question 25

Management goals for abdominal injuries:

Answer 25

Control bleeding
Maintain blood volume
Prevent infection

Question 26

Loss of _____ upon percussion over liver and spleen indicates presence of free air; dullness over the abdomen which is normally _____ indicates presence of blood.

Answer 26

dullness; tympanic

Question 27

Apply compression to external bleeding:
__________: penetrating injury
__________: evisceration

Answer 27

donut bandage
moist wet dressings

Question 28

Diagnostics for cardiac tamponade:

Answer 28

Cardiac Catheterization
2D Echo

Question 29

It is a technique of irrigation of the peritoneal cavity and examination of the irrigating fluid to evaluate the effects of trauma to the abdomen.

Answer 29

Peritoneal Lavage

Question 30

The test is _____: if a clear fluid indicates lack of significant intraperitoneal bleeding.

Answer 30

negative

Question 31

Insert IFC, monitor:

Answer 31

Hematuria
Oliguria