Active Transport

Question 1

Define active transport.

Answer 1

Active transport is the movement of molecules from a lower concentration to a region of higher concentration against a concentration gradient using energy from respiration.

Question 2

How are molecules transported in Active transport?

Answer 2

Molecules are actively transported through a cell membrane from regions of low concentrations to regions of higher concentrations.

Question 3

What is the role of carrier proteins?

Answer 3

carrier proteins facilitate active transport.

Question 4

Where are carrier proteins found?

Answer 4

They are embedded in the cell membrane and allow passage it.

Question 5

What do molecules do with carrier proteins?

Answer 5

Molecules from the side with the lower concentration bind to carrier proteins.

Question 6

What happens to carrier proteins after molecules bind?

Answer 6

• The carrier proteins then change shape using energy from respiration.
• This forces the molecules to move through the cell membrane the side with higher concentration, when it is released.

Question 7

What are the examples of active transport?

Answer 7

1. Uptake of ions by root hair cells.
2. Uptake of glucose.

Question 8

Describe the uptake of ions by root hair cells.

Answer 8

• Plants take up ions such as nitrates and magnesium from the soil via foot hair cells.
• The concentration of ions is greater in the soil.
• Energy from respiration is therefore used to transport ions into the cell against the concentration gradient.

Question 9

Describe the uptake of glucose.

Answer 9

• Glucose is taken up in the small intestine and kidneys.
• Glucose moves against the concentration gradient through carrier proteins.

Question 10

How do mineral ions move?

Answer 10

From low concentration to high concentration against a concentration gradient.

Question 11

What is required by carrier proteins and how do they obtain it?

Answer 11

Energy is required from respiration.
Respiration happens in mitochondria.