1.1: Introduction to Cells

Question 1

What are the seven life processes?

Answer 1

Metabolism
Respiration
Homeostasis
Growth
Response
Excretion
Nutrition

Question 2

Metabolism

Answer 2

all the chemical reactions that take place within a cell

Question 3

Reproduction

Answer 3

The ability of living things to produce offspring either sexually or asexually

Question 4

Homeostasis

Answer 4

refers to the ability of living organisms to keep conditions within the organism at tolerable limits

Question 5

Growth

Answer 5

refers to the ability of an organism to increase in size

Question 6

Growth

Answer 6

refers to the ability of an organism to increase in size

Question 7

Response

Answer 7

refers to the ability of organisms to respond to changes around them

Question 8

Excretion

Answer 8

the removal of waste products from the body after metabolism

Question 9

Nutrition

Answer 9

the process of obtaining food to provide the energy and materials needed for growth

Question 10

Cell Theory

Answer 10

All living things are made up of cells
Cells are the basic unit of life
All cells come from pre-existing cells

Question 11

Exceptions to the Cell Theory

Answer 11

Striated Muscle Cells
Giant Algae
Aseptate Fungal Hyphae

Question 12

Striated Muscle Cells

Answer 12

They are larger(longer) than the regular cells
They have multiple nuclei

Question 13

Giant Algae

Answer 13

They are larger than the regular cell
Ranges from 0.5 to 10cm in length

Question 14

Aseptate Fungal Hyphae

Answer 14

Long threads with many nuclei
Have no diving cell walls

Question 15

Magnification

Answer 15

Image Size over Actual Size= I/A

Question 16

Magnification

Answer 16

Image Size over Actual Size= I/A

Question 17

Unicellular Organisms

Answer 17

Single-celled organisms

Question 18

Multicellular Organisms

Answer 18

Made up of a single mass of cells grouped together

Question 19

Emergent Properties

Answer 19

Different Cells Perform Different functions
Because of this emergent properties arise
These are the characteristics of whole organisms that arise when the interaction of cells produce new functions

Question 20

Multicellular Organisms(cont’d)

Answer 20

Cells group to form tissues
Tissues group to organs
Organs group to form organ systems
Organ systems group to form organisms

Question 21

Cell differentiation

Answer 21

The ability of unspecialised cells to to develop into cells with a more distinct structure and function

Question 22

Cell differentiation

Answer 22

The ability of unspecialised cells to to develop into cells with a more distinct structure and function

Question 23

Stem Cells

Answer 23

Stem cells are unspecialised cells that can give rise to a wide range of body cells by differentiating along different pathways.

Question 24

Types of Stem Cells

Answer 24

Unipotent= can only differentiate into their associated cell type

Pluripotent= can differentiate into all body cells; cannot give rise to a whole organism

Multipotent= can differentiate into a few closely related type of body cell

Totipotent= can differentiate into any type of cell