Anatomy, Neuroanatomy, and Physiology of the Speech Mechanism Flashcards
Respiration relies on the muscles of inspiration and expiration. This thick, dome-shaped muscle that separates the abdomen from the thorax is called the
a. sternocleidomastoid
b. levator costarum longis
c. pectoralis major
d. diaphragm
d. diaphragm
Which branch of the vagus nerve (X) innervates the cricothyroid muscle?
a. superior laryngeal nerve
b. lateral laryngeal nerve
c. recurrent laryngeal nerve
d. pharyngeal branch
a. superior laryngeal nerve
The primary muscle of the lips is the
a. obicularis oris
b. buccinator
c. risorius
d. levator labii superioris
a. obicularis oris
The neurons that transmit information away from the brain are called
a. afferent neurons
b. efferent neurons
c. primary neurons
d. peripheral neurons
b. efferent neurons
An important structure adjunct to the brainstem that contains the hypothalamus (which controls emotions) and the thalamus (which relays sensory impulses to the various portions of the cerebral cortex) is called the
a. mesencephalon
b. diencephalon
c. superior cerebellar penduncle
d. postcentral gyrus
b. diencephalon
The corpus striatum is composed of 3 nuclear masses, which are the
a. globus pallidus, caudate nucleus, and putamen
b. putamen, caudate nucleus, and basal ganglia
c. supramarginal gyrus, angular gyrus, and putamen
d. substantia nigra, angular gyrus, and global pallidus
a. globus pallidus, caudate nucleus, and putamen
The structure that regulates body posture, equilibrium, and coordinated fine motor movements is the
a. angular gyrus
b. corticospinal tract
c. circle of Willis
d. cerebellum
d. cerebellum
The anterior cerebral artery supplies blood to the
a. corpus callosum and basal ganglia
b. corpus striatum
c. caudate nucleus and globus pallidus
d. lateral surface of the cortex
a. corpus callosum and basal ganglia
The laryngopharynx and the oropharynx add resonance to sounds produced by the larynx. The nasopharynx adds noticeable resonance to which sounds?
a. k, g, t, d
b. r, l, y
c. f, sh, s
d. m, n, ng
d. m, n, ng
These are composed of rings of connective tissue and muscle extending from the tips of the arytenoid cartilages to the epiglottis. They separate the laryngeal vestibule from the pharynx and help preserve the airway:
a. ventricular folds
b. true vocal folds
c. lamina propria
d. aryepiglottic folds
d. aryepiglottic folds
The cranial nerve that innervates the larynx and also innervates the levator veli palatini, palatoglossus, and palatopharyngeus muscles is:
a. X (vagus)
b. V (trigeminal)
c. XI (spinal accessory)
d. VII (facial)
a. X (vagus)
Muscles that contribute to the velopharyngeal closure through tensing or elevating the velum are the
a. levator veli palatini, tensor veli palatini, and salpingopharyngeus
b. stylophayrngeus, salpingopharyngeus, and levator veli palatini
c. levator veli palatini, genioglossus, and salpingopharyngeus
d. palatoglossus, tensor veli palatini, and levator veli palatini
d. palatoglossus, tensor veli palatini, and levator veli palatini
The structure at the inferior portion of the tongue that connects the tongue with the mandible is called the
a. dorsum
b. root
c. blade
d. lingual frenum
d. lingual frenum
When a person is producing voiced and voiceless /th/, the muscle that is most involved is the
a. palatopharyngeus
b. sternocleidomastoid
c. genioglossus
d. styloglossus
c. genioglossus
Which muscles from the list below are most involved in adducting the vocal folds?
a. lateral crioarytenoids and transvere arytenoid
b. digastrics
c. cricothyroids
d. posterior cricoarytenoids
a. lateral crioarytenoids and transvere arytenoid