Physiologic and Acoustic Foundations Flashcards
The “typical” speaker of SAE would pronounce emancipation as
a. /ɪmɑnsʌpeʃʌn/
b. /imɑnsʌpeɪʃən/
c. /imɑnsəpeɪʃən/
d. /ɪmʌnsʌpeʃn/
c. /imɑnsəpeɪʃən/
The /r/ and /l/ sounds can both be categorized as
a. rhotics
b. glides
c. laterals
d. liquids
d. liquids
A semivowel that can be categorized as a voiced bilabial glide that is + anterior and + continuant is the
a. /j/
b. /w/
c. /sh/
d. /r/
b. /w/
The term coarticulation refers to
a. speech sounds being modified due to the influence of adjunct sounds to the point that there are perceptual changes in the sounds
b. the extent to which vocal tract configuration change shape during the production of consonants and vowels running in speech
c. the influence of one phoneme upon another in production and perception wherein two different articulators move simultaneously to produce two different speech sounds
d. the influence of various syllables upon one another when a client recites a phonetically balanced list of words
c. the influence of one phoneme upon another in production and perception wherein two different articulators move simultaneously to produce two different speech sounds
Broad phonemic transcription involves
a. the use of IPA symbols to transcribe phonemes by enclosing them within slash marks (i.e., /f/)
b. the use of diacritical markers to transcribe phonemes by enclosing them within slash marks (i.e., /f/)
c. the transcription of allophones by placing them within brackets (i.e., [f])
d. the transcription of allophones by the use of diacritical markers
a. the use of IPA symbols to transcribe phonemes by enclosing them within slash marks (i.e., /f/)
If the speaker said “I just love ‘em and leave ‘em,” the phrase “leave ‘em” could be transcribed as
a. [liv ʊm]
b. [lev] [em]
c. /liv ʊhm/
d. /liv mˌ/
d. /liv mˌ/
The two properties of a medium that affect sound transmission are
a. amplitude and intensity
b. mass and elasticity
c. compression and rarefaction
d. pressure and force
b. mass and elasticity
A sinusoidal wave is a sound wave
a. that is asymmetrical
b. with multiple peaks and valleys
c. with multiple frequencies
d. that is a result of a simple harmonic motion
d. that is a result of a simple harmonic motion
A natural frequency is a frequency
a. with which a source of sound vibrates naturally
b. that is unrelated to the mass and stiffness of a vibrating body
c. that is the center frequency of a formant
d. that refers to the simple harmonic motion
a. with which a source of sound vibrates naturally
An octave is
a. the amount of molecular displacement per unit of time
b. the amount of time between cycles
c. an indication of interval between two frequencies
d. a measure of the magnitude (intensity, strength) of a signal
c. an indication of interval between two frequencies
The back and forth movement of air molecules because of a vibrating object is referred to as
a. oscillations
b. amplitude
c. velocity
d. displacment
a. oscillations
The lowest frequency of a periodic wave is also known as
a. fundamental frequency or second harmonic
b. fundamental frequency or first harmonic
c. the formant frequency or first harmonic
d. the first octave or fundamental frequency
b. fundamental frequency or first harmonic
When two or more sounds of differing frequencies are combined, the result is
a. a complex tone whose vibrations may be periodic or aperiodic
b. complex tone; the vibrations are always periodic, where waves repeat themselves at regular intervals
c. pure tone, where the vibrations are usually periodic
pure tone, where the vibrations are always aperiodic
a. a complex tone whose vibrations may be periodic or aperiodic
When the speaker is producing a vowel and the vowel is being acoustically analyzed, one can state as a general rule that
a. F2 varies mostly as a result of tongue height, and F1 varies mostly as a result of tongue position (variation in the anterior to posterior position of tongue in the oral cavity)
b. F2 varies mostly as a result of tongue height, and F3 varies mostly as a result of tongue advancement (variation in the anterior to posterior position of tongue in the oral cavity)
c. F1 varies mostly as a result of tongue height, and F3 varies mostly as a result of tongue advancement (variation in the anterior to posterior position of tongue in the oral cavity)
d. F1 varies mostly as a result of tongue height, and F2 varies mostly as a result of tongue advancement (variation in the anterior to posterior position of tongue in the oral cavity)
d. F1 varies mostly as a result of tongue height, and F2 varies mostly as a result of tongue advancement (variation in the anterior to posterior position of tongue in the oral cavity)
In a periodic complex sound, tones that occur over the fundamental frequency can be characterized as whole-number multiples of the fundamental frequency are called
a. complex sinusoidal wave forms
b. autocorrelational periodic wave forms
c. harmonics
d. tonal configuration forms
c. harmonics
