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ORGMED —> ANTIFUNGALS > Antimicrobials 5-6 > Flashcards

Antimicrobials 5-6 Flashcards

1
Q

toxic systemically: mostly used topically except for vancomycin

A

Polypeptide Antibiotics & Other Antibiotics

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2
Q

What are the Polypeptide Antibiotics

A

Vancomycin
Bacitracin

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3
Q

What are the other antibiotics

A

Fosfomycin
Cycloserine

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4
Q

inhibits transglycosylation

A

MOA of Vancomycin

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5
Q

Its S/E is Red Man Syndrome

A

Vancomycin

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6
Q

produced by the Tracy-I strain of Bacillus subtilis

A

Bacitracin

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7
Q

Has a S/E of psychologic and neurologic

A

Cycloserine

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8
Q

use: UTI caused by E.coli

A

Fosfomycin

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9
Q

binds to the lipid carrier bactoprenol

A

MOA of Bacitracin

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10
Q

Sexond line drug for TB

A

Cycloserine

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11
Q

S/E: highly nephrotoxic and hematotoxic - not used systemically, only topically

A

Bacitracin

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12
Q

DOC: “last line® for MRSA (IV) and C. difficile-induced pseudomembranous colitis (PO)

A

Vancomycin

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13
Q

both mammalian and bacterial cells have plasma membrane - toxic if systemic clinical use is mostly limited to topical applications

A

Nonselective

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14
Q

bind to the LPS or phospholipids of the cell membrane, increasing membrane permeability >- loss or leakage of cell constituents

A

MOA of Polymyxins

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15
Q

“reserve drug due to nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity

A

Vancomycin

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16
Q

Also know as Colistin

A

Polymyxin E

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17
Q

from Bacillus polymyxa

A

Polymyxin B

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18
Q

A Polymyxin B for skin infections

A

+ Bacitracin

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19
Q

A Polymyxin B for eye infections

A

+ Dexamethasone and Neomycin:

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20
Q

from Aerobacillus colistinus

A

Polymyxin E

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21
Q

What are the polymyxin drugs

A

Polymyxin E
Polymyxin B

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22
Q

use: reserve agent for skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs)

A

Daptomycin

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23
Q

vital for protein synthesis

A

Ribosomes

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24
Q

given IV except for neomycin (topical&oral)

A

Aminoglycosides

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25
Q

most widely used in combination with B-lactam antibiotics in serious infections with G(-) bacteria

A

Aminoglycosides

26
Q

Aminoglycosides + penicillin =

A

synergism

27
Q

Its S/E are ototoxicity & nephrotoxicity

A

Aminoglycosides

28
Q

S/E: Ototoxcity most nephrotoxic

A

Neomycin, Tobramycin, and Gentamicin

29
Q

S/E: Ototoxcity most vestibulotoxic

A

Streptomycin and Gentamicin

30
Q

S/E: Ototoxcity most cochleotoxic

A

Kanamycin, Amikacin, and Neomycin

31
Q

What to give to reverse the effect of neuromuscular blockade (neuromuscular paralysis) (or neostigmine)

A

calcium gluconate

32
Q

T/ F. The addition of furosemide in aminoglycosides will increased risk of ototoxicity

A

True

33
Q

S. griseus

A

Streptomycin

34
Q

semisynthetically derived from Kanamycin. first prepared in Japan

A

Amikacin

35
Q

S. kanamyceticus

A

Kanamycin

36
Q

S. tenebravius

A

Tobramycin

37
Q

S.fradiae

A

Neomycin

38
Q

1st effective agent against TB

A

Streptomycin

39
Q

1st aminoglycoside discovered

A

Streptomycin

40
Q

derived from Streptomyces spp. and Micromonospora spp.

A

Aminoglycosides

41
Q

What are the 305 Inhibitors

A

Aminoglycosides and Tetracyclines

42
Q

cyclic lipopeptide from Streptomyces roseosporus

A

Daptomycin

43
Q

antibacterial activity is enhanced by zinc

A

Bacitracin

44
Q

inhibits UDP-N-Acetylglucosamine enolpyruvyl transferase (MurA)

A

MOA of Fosfomycin

45
Q

Bacitracin antibacterial activity is enhanced by

A

Zinc

46
Q

due to administration of expired tetracycline

A

Fanconi-like syndrome

47
Q

Very long acting tetracycline

A

Tigecycline

48
Q

Its S/E is teeth discoloration and stunting of growth

A

Tetracyclines

49
Q

consists of 4fused rings with a system of coniugated double bonds

A

Tetracyclines

50
Q

from Streptomyces aureofaciens

A

Chlortetracycline

51
Q

Interraction of tetracycline to penicillin

A

Antagonistic

52
Q

chelation withsubstances (dairy products, drugs, and supplements) containing metal(s)

A

decreased absorption of tetracycline

53
Q

broadest spectrum of the antibiotics

A

Tetracyclines

54
Q

teeth discoloration

A

“mottled enamel”

55
Q

-effective against many G(+), G(-), spirochetes, and atypical bacteria

A

Tetracyclines

56
Q

DOC: Lyme disease & infections caused by Rickettsia

A

Tetracycline

57
Q

T/F. Tetracycline has a S/E of photosensitivity

A

True

58
Q

Short acting tetracycline

A

Tetracycline, Oxytetracycline

59
Q

Long acting tetracycline

A

Doxycycline, Minocycline

60
Q

Intermediate acting tetracycline

A

Methacycline, Demeclocycline

ORGMED —> ANTIFUNGALS (7 decks)

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