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Intermediate Spanish 2 > EXAMEN FINAL CONCEPTS > Flashcards

EXAMEN FINAL CONCEPTS Flashcards

1
Q

Uses of ser

A

Nationality
Profession
Characteristics
Generalizations
Possessions
Material of composition
Time
Where or when an event is

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2
Q

Uses of estar

A

Location
Health
Physical and emotional states

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3
Q

-ar preterite

A

é, aste, ó, amos, asteis, aron

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4
Q

-er/-ir preterite

A

í, iste, ió, imos, isteis, ieron

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5
Q

-ar imperfect

A

aba, abas, aba, ábamos, abais, aban

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6
Q

-er/-ir imperfect

A

ía, ías, ía, íamos, íais, ían

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7
Q

uses of the preterite

A

completed actions, beginning or end of an action, series of past events

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8
Q

-ar subjunctive

A

e, es, e, emos, éis, en

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9
Q

-er/-ir subjunctive

A

a, as, a, amos, áis, an

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10
Q

dar subjunctive

A

dé, des, dé, demos, deis, den

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11
Q

estar subjunctive

A

esté, estés, esté, estemos, estéis, estén

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12
Q

ir subjunctive

A

vaya, vayas, vaya, vayamos, vayaís, vayan

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13
Q

saber subjunctive

A

sepa, sepas, sepa, sepamos, sepais, sepan

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14
Q

ser subjunctive

A

sea, seas, sea, seamos, seais, sean

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15
Q

subjunctive uses (WEIRD)

A

Will
Emotion
Influence (Impersonal expression) Recommendations
Doubt/Desire/Denial

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16
Q

formal mandatos

A

3rd person subjunctive

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17
Q

informal mandatos

A

positive: 3rd person indicative
negative: 2nd person subjunctive

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18
Q

uses of para

A

destination, deadline, goal, purpose, recipient, comparison, employment

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19
Q

uses of por

A

motion
duration
reason
object of search
means by which
exchange
unit
agent

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20
Q

When are conjunctions followed by the subjunctive?

A

When they introduce actions or states that are uncertain OR when the action of the main clause has not yet occurred

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21
Q

Conjunctions that require the subjunctive

A

a menos que, antes (de) que, con tal (de) que, en caso (de) que, para que, sin que

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22
Q

a menos que

A

unless

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23
Q

antes de que

A

before

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24
Q

con tal de que

A

as long as

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25
Q

en caso de que

A

in case

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26
Q

para que

A

so that

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27
Q

sin que

A

unless

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28
Q

a pesar de que

A

despite

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29
Q

aunque

A

although

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30
Q

cuando

A

when

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31
Q

despues de que

A

after

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32
Q

en cuanto

A

as soon as

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33
Q

hasta que

A

until

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34
Q

luego de que

A

after

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35
Q

mientras que

A

while

36
Q

siempre que

A

as long as

37
Q

tan pronto como

A

as soon as

38
Q

common dimunitives

A

-ito/a and -illo/a

39
Q

what words use -cito/a or -cillo/a (and -ecito/a or -ecillo/a?)

A

words that end in -e, -n, or -r (or are one syllable)

40
Q

common augmentative

A

-ón/-ona, -ote/-ota, and -azo/-aza

41
Q

abrir past participle

A

abierto

42
Q

cubrir past participle

A

cubierto

43
Q

decir past participle

A

dicho

44
Q

descubrir

A

descubierto

45
Q

escribir past participle

A

escrito

46
Q

hacer past participle

A

hecho

47
Q

morir past participle

A

muerto

48
Q

poner past participle

A

puesto

49
Q

resolver past participle

A

resuelto

50
Q

romper past participle

A

roto

51
Q

ver past participle

A

visto

52
Q

volver past participle

A

vuelto

53
Q

passive se

A

used when the agent performing the action is not stated.

exs.
Se subiran los impuestos; taxes will be raised

Se necesita un cajero; an ATM is needed

54
Q

impersonal se

A

equivalent to English usage of “one, people, we, you, or there are”

exs.
Se habla mucho de la crisis; they talk about the crisis a lot

Se dice que es mejor prestar que pedir prestado; they say it is better to lend than to borrow

Se busca camarero; waiter wanted

55
Q

se for unexpected events (how to construct?)

A

Se + indirect object pronoun (me, te, le, nos, os, les) + verb + subject

ex. Se me acabó el dinero; I ran out of money

56
Q

present time expressions with hacer

A

hace + [period of time] + que + [verb in PRESENT]

Hace tres semanas que busco trabajo
I’ve been looking for work for three weeks

57
Q

preterite time expressions with hacer

A

hace + [period of time] + que + [verb in PRETERITE]

Hace seis meses que fueron a Bolivia
They went to Bolivia six months ago

58
Q

imperfect time expressions with hacer

A

hacía + [period of time] + que + [verb in IMPERFECT]

Hacía treinta años que trabajaba cuando por fin se jubiló
He had been working for thirty years when he finally retired.

59
Q

acabar (with se)

A

to run out of

60
Q

caer with se

A

to drop

61
Q

ocurrir with se

A

to occur

62
Q

dañar with se

A

to damage

63
Q

olvidar with se

A

to forget

64
Q

perdir with se

A

to lose

65
Q

quedar with se

A

to leave behind

66
Q

romper with se

A

to break

67
Q

How to form el pluscuamperfecto (past perfect)

A

había + past participle
habías + past participle
había + past participle
habíamos + past participle
habíais + past participle
habían + past participle
ex. había roto

68
Q

Pluscuamperfecto use

A

Events that have already happened; ex. Cuando por fin les dieron la patente, otros ingenieros ya habían inventado una tecnologia mejor

When they finally were given the patent, other engineers HAD ALREADY INVENTED a better technology

69
Q

How to form el pluscuamperfecto del subjuntivo (past perfect subjunctive)

A

hubiera + past participle
hubieras + past participle
hubiera + past participle
hubiéramos + past participle
hubierais + past participle
hubieran + past participle
ex. hubiera roto

70
Q

Pluscuamperfecto del subjuntivo use

A

Events that already happened but subjunctive; ex. A Abel le disgusta que el clon hubiera escrito mejor que él.

Abel was upset that the clone HAD WRITTEN better than him.

71
Q

hacia (movement)

A

towards, to

72
Q

hacia (time)

A

approximately, around, about, toward

73
Q

a uses

A

with specific people or pets (except when nadie, alguine, ninguno/a, alguno/a)

74
Q

how to form future perfect

A

future haber + past participle (ex. habrá ganado)

75
Q

future forms of haber

A

habré, habrás, habrá, habremos, habréis, habrán

76
Q

future perfect use

A

explain something that will have happened; ex. para el mes que viene, ya se habrá estrenado la pelicula; by next month, the movie will have already been released

77
Q

how to form conditional perfect

A

conditional haber + past participle (ex. habría ganado)

78
Q

conditional forms of haber

A

habría, habrías, habría, habríamos, habríais, habrían

79
Q

conditional perfect use

A

express something that would have happened but did not

80
Q

si clauses hypothetical statements, possible event

A

present tense verb, present or future or voy a + or command

81
Q

si clauses hypothetical statements, unlikely event

A

past subjunctive, conditional
ex. si tuvieramos boletos, iríamos al concierto

82
Q

si clauses hypothetical statements about the past

A

past perfect subjunctive, conditional perfect
ex. si no me hubiera lastimado el pie, habria ganado la carrera

83
Q

si clauses habitual conditional past actions

A

imperfect, imperfect
ex. Si milena tenía tiempo libre, siempre iba a la playa

84
Q

dado que

A

since

85
Q

por lo tanto

A

therefore

86
Q

How to form passive voice

A

recipient = subject, ser + past participle, por + agent

Intermediate Spanish 2 (16 decks)

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