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Cat B- Mod 2 Physics > 2.2.3 Dynamics > Flashcards

2.2.3 Dynamics Flashcards

1
Q

What is Newtons first law?

A

A body at rest remains at rest and a body in motion stays in motion until acted upon.

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2
Q

What is newtons second law?

A

F=MxA i.e the acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the force applied.

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3
Q

What is newtons third law?

A

Every action has an equal and opoosite reaction.

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4
Q

What is newtons third law sometimes referred too as?

A

Law of action and reaction.

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5
Q

What two forces does a body at rest experience on a horizontal surface?

A

Downward force due to gravity and the upward push of the surface.

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6
Q

What is mass?

A

The amount of matter in a body regardless of volume and position.

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7
Q

What is the formula for mass?

A

Weight (N) divided by gravity

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8
Q

What is the definition of weight?

A

The gravitational force of attraction between the mass of the earth and the mass of the object.

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9
Q

What is the formula for weight?

A

Mass x gravity

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10
Q

Does mass ever change compared to weight?

A

No, mass never changes, but weight changes depending on the gravity.

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11
Q

What is inertia?

A

The property that causes matter to resist change on its motion, the opposite to force.

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12
Q

What is work?

A

Force causing movement or displacement of an object.

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13
Q

In relation to work, what is said when the force is greater and the object moves further?

A

The greater the amount of work done.

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14
Q

What is the unit for work?

A

Joules
1 J = 1Nm

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15
Q

What is the formula for work?

A

Force (N) x distance (m)

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16
Q

What is power?

A

The measure of the rate at which work is done or at which energy is converted from one form to another.

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17
Q

What is the unit for power?

A

Watt

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18
Q

What is the formula for power?

A

Work divided by time.

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19
Q

What is energy?

A

The capacity to do work?

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20
Q

What is mechanical energy?

A

The energy held by a body after work is done.

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21
Q

What are the two types of mechanical energy?

A

Kinetic and Potential.

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22
Q

What is potential energy?

A

The energy a body has due to its position.

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23
Q

What is the formula for potential energy?

A

m x g x h

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24
Q

What is kinetic energy?

A

The energy a body has due to its motion.

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25
Q

What is the equation for kinetic energy?

A

Half MV squared.

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26
Q

What is total energy?

A

Total energy is the sum of all the different forms of energy in a system.

27
Q

What is chemical energy?

A

Energy stored in the chemical bonds between atoms.

28
Q

Is chemical energy a form of potential energy?

A

Yes

29
Q

What is thermal energy also known as?

A

Internal energy.

30
Q

What is the heat energy?

A

The heat that can flow from one body to another.

31
Q

What is it important not too confuse heat energy with?

A

Temperature of a body.

32
Q

What is efficency?

A

The proportion of energy added to a system that is transferred in useful ways.

33
Q

What is the formula for efficency?

A

Energy out divided by energy in x 100,

34
Q

What is momentum?

A

A vector quantity that describes mass in motion.

35
Q

What happens to momentum if mass or velocity increase?

A

So does momentum.

36
Q

What is the formula for momentum?

A

P= m x v =(kgm/s)

37
Q

What happens in a closed system in relation to momentum?

A

The total momentum before an event = momentum after the event.

38
Q

Is a closed system effected by external forces?

A

No

39
Q

In a collision what happens to the kinetic energy and momentum?

A

Kinetic energy changes
Momentum is conserved

40
Q

What are the two types of collision?

A

Elastic collisions
Inelastic collision

41
Q

What happens to the kinetic energy in an elastic collision?

A

Kinetic energy is conserved.

42
Q

What happens to the kinetic energy in an inelastic collision?

A

Kinetic energy is not conserved.

43
Q

What is the equation for elastic collisions in terms of working out the recoil?

A

m1u1+m2u2=m1v1+m2v2

44
Q

What two variables does an objects momentum depend on?

A

Its mass and its velocity.

45
Q

What is the equation for impulse?

A

Force x time = impulse (Ns)

46
Q

What is impulse?

A

The result of the force and time for which it acts on a body to change its momentum.

47
Q

What is a gyroscope?

A

An instrument that contains a disc, called a rotor, rotating around an axis?

48
Q

What two properties does the rotor in a gyro give?

A

Rigidity and Precession.

49
Q

What is rigidity?

A

Newtons first law… the ability of the rotor to retain its axis unless acted upon.

50
Q

What is rigidity caused by?

A

The inertia of the spinning mass, gyroscopic inertia.

51
Q

What is the rigidity of the spinning rotor affected by?

A

Rotor mass
Effective radius
Speed
Bearing friction

52
Q

What is precession?

A

If an external force is applied to change the direction of rotation, the gyro resists and moves the force at right angles.

53
Q

What is the benefit of having a gyro with two gimbals?

A

It can rotate in any direction.

54
Q

How can you get a vertical gyro to also show a digital pitch representation?

A

Add an electrical pick off.

55
Q

When the body is on a horizontal surface what is the weight the same as in the friction formula?

A

Normal force, and therefore either can be swapped as long as its on a horizontal surface.

55
Q

What is the formula for friction?

A

Friction= coefficent of friction x normal force

55
Q

What is friction?

A

The force resisting relative motion of materials rubbing against each other.

56
Q

What is starting friction?

A

When a body has been at rest just starts to move.

57
Q

What is starting friction also referred too as?

A

Break away friction.

58
Q

What is sliding friction?

A

The friction present as the body is sliding. It is always less than the starting friction.

59
Q

What is rolling friction?

A

Present between a rolling body and the surface. It is greatly reduced when on wheels and is much smaller than sliding friction.

60
Q

What does every pair of flat surfaces have? (friction)

A

Two different coefficents of friction.

61
Q

What are the two types of coefficent of friction?

A

Start and slide.

62
Q
A

Cat B- Mod 2 Physics (9 decks)

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