Carboxylic acids 3.3.9 Flashcards
Name three reactions to prepare carboxylic acids
Oxidation of primary alcohol under reflux
Oxidation of aldehyde under reflux
Hydrolysis of Nitriles
Describe the reaction (and write the equation) for hydrolysis of nitriles
Nitrile is refluxed with water and hydrochloric acid
Produces carboxylic acid and ammonium chloride
R-C≡N + 2H2O + HCl →RCOOH + NH4Cl
What happens when Carboxylic acids dissociate
Forms a carboxylate ion RCOO- (negative) and a H+ ion
Is dissociation of carboxylic acids reversible
yes
What is the charge of a carboxylate ion
Negative
Is the carboxylate ion stable or not - why?
Yes
Negative charge is delocalised across the whole carboxylate group
Give the products of the reaction of methanoic acid and sodium carbonate
Sodium methanoate. carbon dioxide and water
What is produced when coohs react with carbonates
Salt, water and CO2
What is produced when coohs are neutralised
Salt and water
What is produced when propanoic acid and sodium hydroxide are reacted together
Sodium propanoate and water
What is formed when an alcohol and carboxylic acid react
Ester and water
What is the functional group of an ester
COO
What type of reaction occurs when an alcohol and carboxylic acid react
Condensation
What are the products formed when propanoic acid reacts with methanol
Methyl prooanoate and water
What is hydrolysis of esters
Splitting up esters using water
What two types of hydrolysis are there
Base and Acid